Learn about being more specific when telling time and the nature of Indian people when it comes to time
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Neha: "Namaste," I'm Neha. and welcome to the Absolute Beginner Series, Lesson 12, Telling the Time in Hindi, Part 2. |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya. |
| Neha: This lesson is a continuation of our previous lesson and you'll learn how to read more time in Hindi. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place at a bus station. |
| Neha: This conversation is between Rita and Beth. |
| Maya: They are strangers and don't know each other so they will be speaking formal Hindi. |
| Neha: Let's listen to their conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| बेथ (beTH): कितने बजे बस आती है? (kiTaNe baje baS aaTii hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): सवा दो बजे। (Savaa Do baje.) |
| बेथ (beTH): अभी कितने बजे हैं? (abhii kiTaNe baje hain?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): दो बजकर बीस मिनट हो गए है। (Do bajakar biiS miNat ho gaye hain.) |
| बेथ (beTH): थोड़ी देर हो गई है। (THodii Der ho gayii hai.) |
| Maya: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| बेथ (beTH): कितने बजे बस आती है? (kiTaNe baje baS aaTii hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): सवा दो बजे। (Savaa Do baje.) |
| बेथ (beTH): अभी कितने बजे हैं? (abhii kiTaNe baje hain?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): दो बजकर बीस मिनट हो गए है। (Do bajakar biiS miNat ho gaye hain.) |
| बेथ (beTH): थोड़ी देर हो गई है। (THodii Der ho gayii hai.) |
| Neha: Let's now listen to the conversation with English translation. |
| बेथ (beTH): कितने बजे बस आती है? (kiTaNe baje baS aaTii hai?)4Neha: "What time does the bus come?" |
| रीता (riiTaa): सवा दो बजे। (Savaa Do baje.) |
| Maya: "Two fifteen." |
| बेथ (beTH): अभी कितने बजे हैं? (abhii kiTaNe baje hain?) |
| Neha: " What time is it right now?" |
| रीता (riiTaa): दो बजकर बीस मिनट हो गए है। (Do bajakar biiS miNat ho gaye hain.) |
| Maya: "It is two twenty." |
| बेथ (beTH): थोड़ी देर हो गई है। (THodii Der ho gayii hai.) |
| Neha: "It's a little late." |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: The above conversation is such a stereotype. |
| Neha: What do you mean? |
| Maya: Well, I think it plays into that stereotype about South Asian people being loose with time. |
| Neha: Well, of course one cannot make such generalizations of the entire population, but there are reasons why certain things become stereotyped, you know? |
| Maya: I guess, in general, Indian people are usually laid back about time. |
| Neha: Yes, buses do not always come and leave as scheduled, official functions might not start as scheduled since the guest of honor arrives late, friends and acquaintances might make you wait for a long time too. |
| Maya: Excluding formal business situations, there is a laid back atmosphere about adhering to time which is definitely frustrating at times. |
| Neha: But at the same time, it can also be refreshing to notice a natural rather than a mechanical rhythm to life. |
| Maya: That's true. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Neha: Anyway, let's talk about the words that came up in the conversation. |
| Maya: Okay, we'll first say the words at natural speed, then a bit slower, and finally we'll give you the meaning. |
| Neha: Our first word is कितने (kiTaNe), कितने (kiTa-Ne), कितने (kiTaNe). |
| Maya: Which means "how many" or "how much." |
| Neha: Next, we have बजे (baje), ब-जे (ba-je), बजे (baje). |
| Maya: Which means "time" or "o'clock." |
| Neha: Next is बस (baS), बस (baS), बस (baS). |
| Maya: Which also means "bus." |
| Neha: Next is आती (aaTii), आ-ती (aa-Tii), आती (aaTii). |
| Maya: Which means "come." |
| Neha: Then is सवा (Savaa), स-वा (Sa-vaa), सवा (Savaa). |
| Maya: Which means "quarter past." |
| Neha: Next is अभी (abhii), अभी (a-bhii), अभी (abhii). |
| Maya: Which means "now." |
| Neha: Next we have, दो बजकर बीस मिनट (Do bajakar biiS miNat), दो बजकर बीस मिनट (Do bajakar biiS miNat), दो बजकर बीस मिनट (Do bajakar biiS miNat). |
| Maya: Which means "two twenty." |
| Neha: Then we have थोड़ी (THodii), थोड़ी (THo-dii), थोड़ी (THodii). |
| Maya: Which means "little." |
| Neha: And finally we have, देर (Der), देर (Der), देर (Der). |
| Maya: Which means "late." |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Neha: Let's go over some of the words that were used in the conversation. |
| Maya: There was the word आती (aaTii) in the phrase बस आती है (baS aaTii hai). |
| Neha: Well, आती (aaTii) is a word with many meanings and it can be used in many different ways. Here, it means "come" and the phrase बस आती है (baS aaTii hai) means "bus comes." |
| Maya: Actually, आती (aaTii) comes from the root verb आना (aaNaa), which means "to come," and it changes depending on the gender and number of the nouns. |
| Neha: For feminine nouns, you say आती है (aaTii hai), which implies that in the phrase बस आती है (baS aaTii hai), बस (baS) is of feminine gender. |
| Maya: For masculine nouns, you say आता है (aaTaa hai). |
| Neha: And for plural masculine, you say आते हैं (aaTe hain). |
| Maya: Moving on, the next word that came up was… |
| Neha: थोड़ी (THodii). |
| Maya: Which means "little". It's a very useful adverb to know. |
| Neha: The tricky thing about this is that it has to agree with the gender of the adjective or the noun. |
| Maya: It's masculine case is… |
| Neha: थोड़ा (THodaa). |
| Maya: And its feminine case is… |
| Neha: थोड़ी (THodii). |
| Maya: So to say "little late," you say… |
| Neha: थोड़ी देर (THodii Der). |
| Maya: While to say "a little hot," you say… |
| Neha: थोड़ा गर्म (THodaa garm). |
| Maya: I guess you'd need to learn the genders as you go. |
| Neha: Another useful but much easier adverb is its opposite which is "a lot" or "very," and in Hindi it is बहुत (bahuT). |
| Maya: So, "very hot" is… |
| Neha: बहुत गर्म (bahuT garm). |
| Maya: And "very far" is… |
| Neha: बहुत दूर (bahuT Duur). |
Lesson focus |
| Maya: Let's learn how to tell time in Hindi. |
| Neha: For your benefit, we'll recap what we already learned in the previous lesson. |
| Maya: So, numbers from 1 to 12 in Hindi are… |
| Neha: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12. |
| Maya: "What time is it?" in Hindi is… |
| Neha: कितने बजे हैं? (kiTaNe baje hain?) |
| Maya: We also learned how to tell time to the hour, where the only difference is between one o'clock and the rest. |
| Neha: So "It is one o'clock." in Hindi is एक बजा है। (ek bajaa hai.). "It is two o'clock." is दो बजे हैं। (Do baje hain.). |
| Maya: And we also learned how to tell time to the half hour where the only exceptions are half past one and half past two. |
| Neha: So "It is half past one." in Hindi is डेढ़ बजा है। (dedh bajaa hai.). "It is half past two." in Hindi is ढाई बजे हैं। (dhaaii baje hain.), whereas for any other times you use the word साढ़े (Saadhe). For example, "It is half past four." in Hindi is साढ़े चार बजे हैं। (Saadhe caar baje hain.). |
| Maya: That was quite a lot. And now we have more! So let's learn how to say time to the quarter of an hour. |
| Neha: "Quarter past" in Hindi is सवा (Savaa) and "quarter to" is पौने (pauNe). |
| Maya: And the rule is to add सवा (Savaa) or पौने (pauNe) before the number, just as in English. |
| Neha: Let's listen to some examples. |
| Maya: "It is quarter past ten." in Hindi is… |
| Neha: सवा दस बजे हैं। (Savaa DaS baje hain.) |
| Maya: "It is quarter to eleven." in Hindi is… |
| Neha: पौने ग्यारह बजे हैं। (pauNe gyaarah baje hain.) |
| Maya: The only exception to the above rule is when telling times related to one. "It is quarter past one." in Hindi is… |
| Neha: सवा एक बजा है। (Savaa ek bajaa hai.) |
| Maya: And "It is quarter to one." in Hindi is… |
| Neha: पौने एक बजा है। (pauNe ek bajaa hai.) |
| Maya: Did you all spot the difference? |
| Neha: Well, the difference is the use of बजा है (bajaa hai) for those related to one and the use of बजे हैं (baje hain) for the rest. |
| Maya: Before we end this lesson, we'll leave you with one more example. How would you say, "It is quarter past ten."? |
| Neha: सवा दस बजे हैं। (Savaa DaS baje hain.) |
| Maya: Okay, well, that's all for our lesson today. |
| Neha: We hope that you found it helpful. |
| Maya: Be sure to read the lesson notes for more examples and explanation on this topic. |
| Neha: Thanks for listening! |
| Maya: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!) |
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