Learn about the different calendars and the seven days of the week
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Neha: "Namaste," I'm Neha, and welcome to the Absolute Beginner Series, Lesson 17, Days of the Week. |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya. In this lesson you'll learn how to say the days of the week in Hindi. |
| Neha: The conversation takes place in a school dorm. |
| Maya: It is between two friends, Sonal and Caroline. |
| Neha: They know each other very well so they will be speaking informal Hindi. |
| Maya: Let's listen to their conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| सोनल (SoNaL): आज कौन सा दिन है? (aaj kauN Saa DiN hai?) |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): आज मंगलवार है। (aaj mangaLavaar hai.) |
| सोनल (SoNaL): मैंने सोचा था कि आज बुधवार था। (mainNe Socaa THaa ki aaj buDHavaar THaa.) |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): वह कल है। (vah kaL hai.) |
| Let's listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| सोनल (SoNaL): आज कौन सा दिन है? (aaj kauN Saa DiN hai?) |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): आज मंगलवार है। (aaj mangaLavaar hai.) |
| सोनल (SoNaL): मैंने सोचा था कि आज बुधवार था। (mainNe Socaa THaa ki aaj buDHavaar THaa.) |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): वह कल है। (vah kaL hai.) |
| Let's listen to the conversation with English translation. |
| सोनल (SoNaL): आज कौन सा दिन है? (aaj kauN Saa DiN hai?) |
| Maya: What day is today? |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): आज मंगलवार है। (aaj mangaLavaar hai.) |
| Maya: Today is Tuesday. |
| सोनल (SoNaL): मैंने सोचा था कि आज बुधवार था। (mainNe Socaa THaa ki aaj buDHavaar THaa.) |
| Maya: I thought today was Wednesday. |
| कैरोलाइन (kairoLaaiN): वह कल है। (vah kaL hai.) |
| Maya: That's tomorrow. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Listeners, did you know that India has its own calendar? |
| Neha: That's right! Not only does it have one, but it actually has many regional calendars that are slightly different from one another. |
| Maya: It must be pretty confusing then. |
| Neha: I guess in a way it is, but then there is an official calendar that everyone follows, one that is based on the lunar year. |
| Maya: They also have the international Gregorian calendar right, the one that is used in most of the world today? |
| Neha: Yes, of course. Anyway, the Indian New Year celebration varies from region to region with different forms of rituals. |
| Maya: But most celebrate spring and good harvest since it falls around March and April. |
| Neha: And since it follows the lunar year the dates are not always in sync with the Gregorian calendar. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Neha: आज (aaj). |
| Maya: today. |
| Neha: आज (aaj), आज (aaj). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: कौन सा (kauN Saa). |
| Maya: which. |
| Neha: कौन सा (kauN Saa), कौन सा (kauN Saa). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: दिन (DiN). |
| Maya: day. |
| Neha: दिन (DiN), दिन (DiN). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: मंगलवार (mangaLavaar). |
| Maya: Tuesday. |
| Neha: मंगलवार (mangaLavaar), मंगलवार (mangaLavaar). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: सोचा था (Socaa THaa). |
| Maya: thought. |
| Neha: सोचा था (Socaa THaa), सोचा था (Socaa THaa). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: कि (ki). |
| Maya: that. |
| Neha: कि (ki), कि (ki). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: बुधवार (buDHavaar). |
| Maya: Wednesday. |
| Neha: बुधवार (buDHavaar), बुधवार (buDHavaar). |
| Maya: Next is... |
| Neha: वह (vah). |
| Maya: that. |
| Neha: वह (vah), वह (vah). |
| Maya: Last we have is... |
| Neha: कल (kaL). |
| Maya: yesterday. |
| Neha: कल (kaL), कल (kaL). |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Maya: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Neha: In Hindi, you always have to take notice of the gender, not only of the speaker, which is you, but also of nouns, for example, whether they are masculine or feminine. |
| Maya: Yes, and in addition you need to take note of the number, for example, whether they are singular or plural. |
| Neha: You must obviously know this very well by now. |
| Maya: So this is the case, even for the word "which." |
| Neha: कौन सा (kauN Saa) is used for singular masculine nouns, कौन से (kauN Se) for plural masculine nouns, and कौन सी (kauN Sii) for singular and plural feminine nouns. |
| Maya: The rule is that you end with a -आ (-aa) for singular masculine nouns, -ए (-e) for plural masculine nouns, and -ई (-ii) for singular and plural feminine nouns. |
| Neha: Next, we have the verb "to think," or सोच (Soc), which comes from the verb सोचना (SocaNaa). |
| Maya: So, irrespective of masculine or feminine, you'd add -आ (-aa) and therefore it becomes... |
| Neha: सोचा (Socaa). |
| Maya: So, if you want to say "I thought", you'd say... |
| Neha: मैंने सोचा था। (mainNe Socaa THaa.) |
| Maya: If you are a group of people and you want to say "We thought", you'd say... |
| Neha: हमने सोचा था। (hamaNe Socaa THaa.) |
| Maya: Okay, now let's move onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Maya: Okay, moving on to the main focus of this lesson. Today we’re going to learn about |
| Neha: सप्ताह के दिन (SapTaah ke DiN). |
| Maya: "Days of the week!" |
| Neha: We'll first say the words in English, then in Hindi, then a bit slower so that you can hear every syllable. |
| Maya: The first day of the week is "Sunday," which is... |
| Neha: रविवार (ravivaar), र-वि-वार (ra-vi-vaar), रविवार (ravivaar). |
| Maya: Monday is... |
| Neha: सोमवार (Somavaar), सोमवार (Somavaar), सोमवार (Somavaar). |
| Maya: Tuesday is... |
| Neha: मंगलवार (mangaLavaar), मं-गल-वार (man-gaL-vaar), मंगलवार (mangaLavaar). |
| Maya: Wednesday is… |
| Neha: बुधवार (buDHavaar), बुधवार (bu-DH-vaar), बुधवार (buDHavaar). |
| Maya: Thursday is... |
| Neha: गुरुवार (guruvaar), गु-रु-वार (gu-ru-vaar), गुरुवार (guruvaar). |
| Maya: Friday is... |
| Neha: शुक्रवार (sukravaar), शु-क्र-वार (su-kra-vaar), शुक्रवार (sukravaar). |
| Maya: And finally "Saturday" is... |
| Neha: शनिवार (saNivaar), श-नि-वार (sa-Ni-vaar), शनिवार (saNivaar). |
| Maya: Great. Now let's also practice how to say "What day is today?" in Hindi. |
| Neha: आज कौन सा दिन है? (aaj kauN Saa DiN hai?) |
| Maya: Here आज (aaj) means "today," कौन सा (kauN Saa) means "which," दिन (DiN) means "day," and है (hai) means "is." |
| Neha: So, you are literally asking, "Today which day is?" |
| Maya: Listeners, please repeat. What day is today? |
| Neha: आज कौन सा दिन है? (aaj kauN Saa DiN hai?) |
| Maya: Now to answer this question, for example, if you wanted to say, "Today is Tuesday," you simply say... |
| Neha: आज मंगलवार है। (aaj mangaLavaar hai.) where आज (aaj) means "today," मंगलवार (mangaLavaar) means "Tuesday," and है (hai) means "is." |
| Maya: All you need to do is replace मंगलवार (mangaLavaar) with other days of the week. So how would you say, "Today is Sunday"? |
| Neha: आज रविवार है। (aaj ravivaar hai.) |
| Maya: Listeners, now it's your turn to say them. Today is Tuesday. |
| Neha: आज मंगलवार है। (aaj mangaLavaar hai.) |
| Maya: Great, now, today is Sunday. |
| Neha: आज रविवार है। (aaj ravivaar hai.) |
| Maya: Okay, now before we go, let's review a few more useful words from the lesson notes. |
| Neha: Sounds good! What should we go over? |
| Maya: Well, the one that can be quite confusing is the word for "yesterday" and "tomorrow." |
| Neha: Oh, yes, in Hindi, the same word कल (kaL) is used for both "yesterday" and "tomorrow." |
| Maya: And we differentiate it by looking at how the sentence is structured, for example, the context and the tense. |
| Neha: Remember, we talked about the verb था (THaa), which indicates past tense? Well, if you say कल गुरुवार था। (kaL guruvaar THaa.) |
| Maya: Then it means "Yesterday was Thursday." |
| Neha: But if you say कल गुरुवार है। (kaL guruvaar hai.) then it means "Tomorrow is Thursday." |
| Maya: Okay then, that's all for our lesson. Be sure to let us know if you have any questions. |
| Neha: Thank you for listening everyone! |
| Maya: Until next time! |
| Neha: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!) |
Comments
Hide