Learn about the Indian movie industry and how to ask "which" questions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Neha: "Namaste," I'm Neha, and welcome to the Absolute Beginner Series, Lesson 21, Which do you like? |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya. In this lesson you'll learn how to ask the "which" questions. |
| Neha: The conversation takes place in a cafe. |
| Maya: It's between Manasi and Rita. |
| Neha: Rita is Manasi's aunt, so Manasi will be talking formally with her. |
| Maya: Let's listen to their conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| मानसी (maaNaSii): आपको कौन सी फ़िल्म पसंद है? (aapako kauN Sii fiLm paSaND hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): मुझे देवदास बहुत पसंद है। (mujhe DevaDaaS bahuT paSaND hai.) |
| मानसी (maaNaSii): मैंने अभी तक नहीं देखी है। कौन सा सिनेमाघर यह दिखा रहा है? (mainNe abhii Tak Nahiin Dekhii hai. kauN Saa SiNemaaghar yah Dikhaa rahaa hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): मैं नहीं जानती। (main Nahiin jaaNaTii.) |
| Neha: Now let's listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| मानसी (maaNaSii): आपको कौन सी फ़िल्म पसंद है? (aapako kauN Sii fiLm paSaND hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): मुझे देवदास बहुत पसंद है। (mujhe DevaDaaS bahuT paSaND hai.) |
| मानसी (maaNaSii): मैंने अभी तक नहीं देखी है। कौन सा सिनेमाघर यह दिखा रहा है? (mainNe abhii Tak Nahiin Dekhii hai. kauN Saa SiNemaaghar yah Dikhaa rahaa hai?) |
| रीता (riiTaa): मैं नहीं जानती। (main Nahiin jaaNaTii.) |
| Maya: Let's now listen to the conversation with English translation. |
| मानसी (maaNaSii): आपको कौन सी फ़िल्म पसंद है? (aapako kauN Sii fiLm paSaND hai?) |
| Neha: "Which film do you like?" |
| रीता (riiTaa): मुझे देवदास बहुत पसंद है। (mujhe DevaDaaS bahuT paSaND hai.) |
| Maya: "I really like Devdas." |
| मानसी (maaNaSii): मैंने अभी तक नहीं देखी है। कौन सा सिनेमाघर यह दिखा रहा है? (mainNe abhii Tak Nahiin Dekhii hai. kauN Saa SiNemaaghar yah Dikhaa rahaa hai?) |
| Neha: "I haven't watched it yet. Which cinema hall is showing it?" |
| रीता (riiTaa): मैं नहीं जानती। (main Nahiin jaaNaTii.) |
| Maya: "I don't know." |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Neha: You know most people are familiar with Bollywood these days. |
| Maya: Yes, the Indian movie industry is huge! |
| Neha: It is. But what most people might not know is that Indian movies are not only those that are spoken in Hindi but also include those that are spoken in other regional languages like Marathi and Tamil as well. |
| Maya: And out of all these, the one that is popular all over India and nowadays even in the world outside of India is Bollywood, which is the Hindi language-based film industry. |
| Neha: If you haven't ever watched Bollywood movies before, well you'll be in for a lot of music and dancing. |
| Maya: And they occur not only during happy and festive moments during the movie, but also during sad moments. |
| Neha: Usually, the lyrics of the song play an important role in moving the story forward. |
| Maya: And you also have to set about three hours aside for the movies, that's like the average length of one movie. |
| Neha: I am a huge fan of those movies! |
| Maya: Me too! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Neha: Okay then, let's look at some of the words that came up in the conversation. |
| Maya: We'll first say the words at natural speed, then a bit slower, and finally we'll give you the meaning. |
| Neha: Our first word is आपको (aapako), आप-को (aapa-ko), आपको (aapako). |
| Maya: Which means "to you." |
| Neha: Next, we have कौन सी (kauN Sii), कौन सी (kauN Sii), कौन सी (kauN Sii). |
| Maya: Which means "which." |
| Neha: Then is फ़िल्म (fiLm), फ़िल्म (fiLm), फ़िल्म (fiLm). |
| Maya: Which means "film." |
| Neha: Next is पसंद (paSaND), प-संद (pa-SaND), पसंद (paSaND). |
| Maya: Which means "like." |
| Neha: Then is अभी तक नहीं (abhii Tak Nahiin), अभी तक नहीं (abhii Tak Nahiin), अभी तक नहीं (abhii Tak Nahiin). |
| Maya: Which means "not yet" or "not till now." |
| Neha: Next is देखी है (Dekhii hai), देखी है (Dekhii hai), देखी है (Dekhii hai). |
| Maya: Which means "seen" when said by a female or about a female. |
| Neha: Then we have कौन सा (kauN Saa), कौन सा (kauN Saa), कौन सा (kauN Saa). |
| Maya: Which means "which." |
| Neha: Next is दिखा रहा (Dikhaa rahaa), दिखा रहा (Dikhaa rahaa), दिखा रहा (Dikhaa rahaa). |
| Maya: Which means "showing." |
| Neha: And finally, we have जानती (jaaNaTii), जान-ती (jaaNa-Tii), जानती (jaaNaTii). |
| Maya: Which means "know" when said by a female or about a female. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Neha: Let's now look at some of these words in more detail. |
| Maya: The word for "seen" in Hindi is... |
| Neha: देखी है (Dekhii hai), which means "seen." |
| Maya: And it comes from the verb देखना (DekhaNaa), which means "to see." |
| Neha: Now you have to be careful with this verb since it changes according to the gender and the number of the subject. |
| Maya: For example, if you are a female and want to say "I have seen," you say... |
| Neha: मैंने देखी है। (mainNe Dekhii hai.) |
| Maya: On the other hand, if you are a male speaker, then you would say... |
| Neha: मैंने देखा है। (mainNe Dekhaa hai.). Notice that देखी (Dekhii) changed into देखा (Dekhaa) when used for a male speaker. |
| Maya: If you are a group of males then you'd say... |
| Neha: हमने देखे हैं। (hamaNe Dekhe hain.) |
| Maya: Which means "we have seen." |
| Neha: If you're talking about another female and you want to say "she has seen," you say उसने देखी है। (uSaNe Dekhii hai.) |
| Maya: Yes, you use the same देखी (Dekhii) as you did when you were a female speaker. |
| Neha: Similarly, if you're talking about another male and you want to say "he has seen," you say उसने देखा है। (uSaNe Dekhaa hai.) |
| Maya: Again, the same देखा (Dekhaa) that you used when you were a male speaker. |
| Neha: Now the next word is जानती (jaaNaTii). |
| Maya: It means "know" and comes from the verb जानना (jaaNaNaa), which means "to know." So if you are a female speaker and you want to say "I know," you say... |
| Neha: मैं जानती हूँ। (main jaaNaTii huun.) |
| Maya: If you are a male speaker, you say... |
| Neha: मैं जानता हूँ। (main jaaNaTaa huun.) |
| Maya: And if you are a group of people, you say... |
| Neha: हम जानते हैं। (ham jaaNaTe hain.), which means "we know." |
Lesson focus |
| Maya: Let's learn how to ask questions using "which." |
| Neha: "Which" in Hindi is not as straight forward as in English. It changes according to the gender and the number of the nouns. |
| Maya: For singular masculine nouns, it is... |
| Neha: कौन सा (kauN Saa). |
| Maya: For plural masculine nouns, it is... |
| Neha: कौन से (kauN Se). |
| Maya: And for both singular and plural feminine nouns, it is... |
| Neha: कौन सी (kauN Sii). |
| Maya: By now, you know that all Hindi nouns are either masculine or feminine. Let's look at the general rule once again. |
| Neha: Words that end with -आ (-aa) are usually masculine. |
| Maya: And words that end with -ई (-ii) are usually feminine. |
| Neha: And you also know that this is not always the case, so the best way to learn is to memorize the new ones if they don't fit the rule. |
| Maya: Now in lesson 19 on likes and dislikes, we learned how to say "I like this" and "I don't like this" in Hindi. We'll now learn how to ask "Which ____ do you like?” type of questions in Hindi. |
| Neha: The format you have to remember is आपको कौन सा/ कौन से/ कौन सी ____ पसंद है? (aapako kauN Saa/ kauN Se/ kauN Sii ______ paSaND hai?) and you insert the subject after कौन सा/ कौन से/ कौन सी (kauN Saa/ kauN Se/ kauN Sii). |
| Maya: Here, आपको (aapako) means "to you," कौन सा/ कौन से/ कौन सी (kauN Saa/ kauN Se/ kauN Sii) is "which," and पसंद (paSaND) means "like." |
| Neha: Let's listen to some examples. |
| Maya: Okay, how do you say "Which hero do you like?" in Hindi? |
| Neha: Well, the word for "hero" in Hindi is also हीरो and it is a masculine singular noun so you have to use कौन सा (kauN Saa)for "which." The sentence then is आपको कौन सा हीरो पसंद है? (aapako kauN Saa hiiro paSaND hai?) |
| Maya: This is a formal way of asking the question. Next, let's ask "Which flowers do you like?" in Hindi. |
| Neha: "Flowers" in Hindi is फूल (phuuL) and it is a masculine plural noun. So you need to use कौन से (kauN Se) for "which." The sentence then is आपको कौन से फूल पसंद हैं? (aapako kauN Se phuuL paSaND hain?) |
| Maya: How about one final example. "Which book do you like?" |
| Neha: Okay, so here, "book" in Hindi is पुस्तक (puSTak) and it is a feminine singular noun. So you have to use कौन सी (kauN Sii) for "which." Our sentence is आपको कौन सी पुस्तक पसंद है? (aapako kauN Sii puSTak paSaND hai?). |
| Maya: Well, that's all we have for our lesson. |
| Neha: Also, please don't forget to look at the lesson notes for more examples and explanations on this topic. |
| Maya: Thank you for listening. Until next time! |
| Neha: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!) |
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