Learn about recipes and how to make commands in the future imperative form
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com’s Beginner Series. This is Season 1, Lesson 13 - The Most Simple Hindi Recipe. |
| Udita: "Namaste, I’m Udita in Hindi". In this lesson, you’ll learn about casual conversations and simple recipes, and using the imperative form to make commands. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place at one speaker’s home. The speakers are good friends. |
| Udita: Since the conversation is between close friends, the speakers will be using a very informal, intimate level of Hindi. |
| Maya: Ok, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| A:ये लस्सी ज़बरदस्त बनी है. कैसे बनाया बता, मैं भी कोशिश करूंगी. (ye LaSSii zabarDaST banii hai. kaiSe baNaayaa baTaa, main bhii kosis karuuNgii.) |
| B:बहुत आसान है. मिक्सर में दही नमक और बर्फ डालकर थोड़ा फेंटना है. (bahuT aaSaaN hai. mikSar mein Dahii Namak aur barf daaLkar THodaa pheNtNaa hai.) |
| A: बस? काफ़ी जल्दी बनती होगी. (baS? kaafii jaLDii baNTii hogii.) |
| B:हाँ कुछ दो मिनट लगते हैं. (haan kuch Do miNat LagTe hain.) |
| A:आज घर जाके कोशिश करुँगी फिर (aaj ghar jaake kosis karuuNgii phir.) |
| B:मुझे बताना कैसा होता है (mujhe baTaaNaa kaiSaa hoTaa hai) |
| Maya: Now, let’s listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| A:ये लस्सी ज़बरदस्त बनी है. कैसे बनाया बता, मैं भी कोशिश करूंगी. (ye LaSSii zabarDaST banii hai. kaiSe baNaayaa baTaa, main bhii kosis karuuNgii.) |
| B:बहुत आसान है. मिक्सर में दही नमक और बर्फ डालकर थोड़ा फेंटना है. (bahuT aaSaaN hai. mikSar mein Dahii Namak aur barf daaLkar THodaa pheNtNaa hai.) |
| A: बस? काफ़ी जल्दी बनती होगी. (baS? kaafii jaLDii baNTii hogii.) |
| B:हाँ कुछ दो मिनट लगते हैं. (haan kuch Do miNat LagTe hain.) |
| A:आज घर जाके कोशिश करुँगी फिर (aaj ghar jaake kosis karuuNgii phir.) |
| B:मुझे बताना कैसा होता है (mujhe baTaaNaa kaiSaa hoTaa hai) |
| Maya: Let’s now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| A:ये लस्सी ज़बरदस्त बनी है. कैसे बनाया बता, मैं भी कोशिश करूंगी. (ye LaSSii zabarDaST banii hai. kaiSe baNaayaa baTaa, main bhii kosis karuuNgii.) |
| A: This Lassi is excellent. How did you make it? I want to try. |
| B:बहुत आसान है. मिक्सर में दही नमक और बर्फ डालकर थोड़ा फेंटना है. (bahuT aaSaaN hai. mikSar mein Dahii Namak aur barf daaLkar THodaa pheNtNaa hai.) |
| B: It's very easy. Put yogurt, ice, and a little bit of salt in the mixer and whip it. |
| A: बस? काफ़ी जल्दी बनती होगी. (baS? kaafii jaLDii baNTii hogii.) |
| A: That's it? Must be very quick to make. |
| B:हाँ कुछ दो मिनट लगते हैं. (haan kuch Do miNat LagTe hain.) |
| B: Yeah, barely takes two minutes. |
| A:आज घर जाके कोशिश करुँगी फिर (aaj ghar jaake kosis karuuNgii phir.) |
| A: I'll try it when I get home then. |
| B:मुझे बताना कैसा होता है (mujhe baTaaNaa kaiSaa hoTaa hai) |
| B: Yeah, let me know how it goes. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Let’s talk about the summer season. India is known for being quite warm, but some parts of the country get especially hot until the Monsoon season brings the rain. |
| Udita: Yes, a lot of people try to escape to the hill stations and mountains, because in most parts of the country, the summer brings scorching heat. That’s why there is a large variety of summer drinks that help people stay cool on hot days. |
| Maya: Yes, like Lassi! |
| Udita: That’s right, Lassi is one of the best-known drinks from India. It’s a yogurt-based drink that comes from the state of Punjab. And it’s very refreshing on a hot day! |
| Maya: People also drink the juice of green coconuts, sugarcane, and barley sherbet, just to name a few. Another common one is lemon-water - it is known as “Nimbu paaNii”. |
| Udita: Yes that’s quite popular. Another well-liked one is “jaL jiiraa”. This drink is like a spicy lemonade. |
| Maya: Yes - it certainly has an unusual flavour! Normally, summer drinks are sweet, but jaL jiiraa is drunk cold and spicy. |
| Udita: It contains cumin, mint and rock salt, as well as lemon juice, and these help to hydrate the body and cool it down. |
| Maya: That’s what you really need in the summer months! |
| Udita: Yes! And you can get these drinks anywhere. They are sold by vendors along the sides of streets, and also served in restaurants. |
| Maya: So look out for them if you’re in India in summer. Ok, now let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Udita: बनाना (baNaaNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: to make |
| Udita: बनाना (baNaaNaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बनाना (baNaaNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: आसान (aaSaaN) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: easy |
| Udita: आसान (aaSaaN) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: आसान (aaSaaN) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: दही (Dahii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: yogurt |
| Udita: दही (Dahii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: दही (Dahii) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: नमक (Namak) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: salt |
| Udita: नमक (Namak) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: नमक (Namak) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: थोड़ा (thoda) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: some, a little |
| Udita: थोड़ा (thoda) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: थोड़ा (thoda) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: काफी (kaafii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: enough, quite |
| Udita: काफी (kaafii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: काफी (kaafii) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: डालना (daaLNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: to put in |
| Udita: डालना (daaLNaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: डालना (daaLNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: फेंटना (pheNtNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: to whip |
| Udita: फेंटना (pheNtNaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: फेंटना (pheNtNaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: जल्दी (jaLDii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: quick, quickly |
| Udita: जल्दी (jaLDii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: जल्दी (jaLDii) [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Maya: Now let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Udita: The first word is “काफ़ी kaafii”.This means “enough” or “quite”. |
| Maya: The meaning depends on the situation. When talking about an amount of anything, “काफ़ी kaafii” means ‘enough’. |
| Udita: For example “इतना चावल काफ़ी है iTNaa caavaL kaafii hai” means ‘This is enough rice’. |
| Maya: But when used with adjectives, it usually works as “quite”. For example “हवा काफ़ी ठंडा है havaa kaafii thaNdaa hai” means ‘the wind is quite chilly’. |
| Udita: The next word is “थोड़ा THodaa” which means ‘a little’ or ‘some’. This word is both an adjective and an adverb, and is used for things that cannot be counted, such as air, sand, time, and salt. |
| Maya: “थोड़ा THodaa” is the masculine form used with male words, such as “थोड़ा नमक THodaa Namak” which means ‘a little salt’ , and “थोड़ा खाना THodaa khaaNaa”, which means “some food”. |
| Udita: The feminine form is “थोड़ी THodii”, so for “गर्मी garmii” which means heat you can say “थोड़ी गर्मी THodii garmii”. The plural form is “थोड़े THode”. It is also used with “सी Sii, सा Saa, or से Se” to describe a little bit of something. |
| Maya: For example, “थोड़ी सी मिर्च डालीए THodii Sii mirc daaLie” means ‘Add a little bit of red chilli powder’. |
| Udita: The next word is a verb - ‘फेंटना pheNtNaa’. This means “to whip” and is used mainly for cooking, to describe the action of mixing vigorously. |
| Maya: It is used for food items that are whipped normally, but also for beating eggs or smoothies. |
| Udita: For example ‘अंडे फेंटकर तवे पे डालिए aNde pheNtkar Tave pe daaLie’. This means “Beat the eggs and pour into the pan.” |
| Maya: Ok, let’s take a look at the grammar now. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Udita: In this lesson, you’ll learn about making commands in the imperative form in Hindi. |
| Maya: There are many different moods for commands in Hindi. Some of these are quite gentle, despite being commands. |
| Udita: Exactly, and one of these is the Future Imperative form. A verb in this form is infinitive imperative. |
| Maya: This means that a command in this form is one that is going to be carried out later, not immediately. |
| Udita: Here is an example. “मुझे बताना mujhe baTaaNaa” means “tell me” but you should mentally add “later” or “some time soon” or “when you can”. So really, what it means is something like “Let me know when you can”. |
| Maya: Yes, and sometimes it will be stated in the sentence. For example you could say “मुझे कल बताना mujhe kaL baTaaNaa”. |
| Udita: This means “Let me know tomorrow” or “Tell me tomorrow”. |
| Maya: Changing the verb to this form is simple - it stays the same as the infinitive form of the verb. |
| Udita: So how can you tell the difference in meaning? |
| Maya: It should be clear in the sentence. In this infinitive imperative form, this word should be the last action word in the sentence. But in the case of the infinitive form, the verb will be followed by another verb - at least there will be a ‘hai’ at the end, which means “is”. |
| Udita: Okay, now let’s look at some examples. |
| Maya: Sure. First up is “जाना jaaNaa”. |
| Udita: “जाना jaaNaa” means “to go”. It can be used as a future imperative to tell someone to go. Like in the sentence “जल्दी जाना jaLDii jaaNaa!” That’s a command meaning “go quickly”. |
| Maya: Yes, but it has the connotation of “Make sure you go quickly”. To understand the context, you should think of a situation in which you want to give a direction to someone, but they can only follow it after you have left the scene. |
| Udita: Okay, so this imperative form says “make sure you do this” but without sounding like a strong order. |
| Maya: A good example would be a situation in which parents are dropping off their child to a boarding school for the first time. |
| Udita: The parents might say “अच्छे से पढ़ाई करना acche Se padaaii karNaa” which means “study hard!” The parents will not actually be with the child when he or she is studying, so it’s up to the child to follow this direction. But it doesn’t have to be a strict order, and they would be saying this in a kind and encouraging way. |
| Maya: Yes, it’s not necessarily authoritative. That’s depends on the tone you use. This is the only imperative form that carries the future quotient, and it stays the same for Intimate and Familiar levels of formality. |
| Udita: It changes in the Polite Level, so ‘karNaa’ becomes ‘kariegaa’ when addressing someone respectfully, which we learned earlier in the series. |
| Maya: Otherwise it stays the same for both genders, and can be used with anyone familiar, as in the conversation where Udita says “mujhe baTaaNaa kaiSaa hoTaa hai” which means “Let me know how it turns out”. |
| Udita: Here’s another example - ‘LakhNau pahuunckar phoN karNaa’. This means “Give me a call after you reach Lucknow”. |
| Maya: Right, that’s the kind of thing you will hear people tell someone before they are leaving for a trip, or going somewhere alone. What it really means is ‘Call and let me know that you’ve reached there, well and safe’. |
Outro |
| Udita: Well, that’s all we have for this lesson. I hope you enjoyed it. |
| Maya: Make sure you check out the lesson notes for more examples! Bye everyone! |
| Udita: Thanks for listening. Till next time! Sukriyaa aur aLvidaa! |
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