Learn about using a couple of Hindi words which both mean "because"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com’s Beginner Series. This is Season 1, Lesson 3 - Riding in an Indian Auto Rickshaw. |
| Udita: "Namaste, I’m Udita in Hindi". I'm Udita. In this lesson you’ll learn about using ‘kyonki’ and “kaaran”, which both mean “because”. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place during an auto rickshaw ride. |
| Udita: The conversation is between the driver and the customer travelling in it. |
| Maya: They are strangers, so they’ll be using formal Hindi. |
| Udita: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Customer: भैय्या आप ये दुसरे रास्ते से क्यूँ जा रहे हैं? (bhaiyyaa aap ye DuSre raaSTe Se kyun jaa rahe hai?) |
| Driver: क्योंकि वो पहला वाला रस्ता अभी बंद है. (kyonki vo pahLa vaaLaa raSTaa abhii baND hai.) |
| Customer: वो रस्ता बंद क्यूँ है? (vo raSTaa baND kyun hai?) |
| Driver: वहाँ फ्लाईओवर बनने के कारण रस्ते को बंद किया हुआ है. (vahaan fLaaiiovar baN-Ne ke kaaran raSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai.) |
| Customer: अच्छा. बहुत दिनों से बंद तो नहीं है? (acchaa. bahuT DiNon Se baND To Nahiin hai?) |
| Driver: नहीं बस इस हफ्ते ही बंद किया है क्योंकि कुछ दिनों में काम शुरू होगा. (Nahiin baS iS haphTe hii baND kiyaa hai kyonki kuch DiNon mein kam suru hogaa.) |
| Maya: Now, let’s listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Customer: भैय्या आप ये दुसरे रास्ते से क्यूँ जा रहे हैं? (bhaiyyaa aap ye DuSre raaSTe Se kyun jaa rahe hai?) |
| Driver: क्योंकि वो पहला वाला रस्ता अभी बंद है. (kyonki vo pahLa vaaLaa raSTaa abhii baND hai.) |
| Customer: वो रस्ता बंद क्यूँ है? (vo raSTaa baND kyun hai?) |
| Driver: वहाँ फ्लाईओवर बनने के कारण रस्ते को बंद किया हुआ है. (vahaan fLaaiiovar baN-Ne ke kaaran raSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai.) |
| Customer: अच्छा. बहुत दिनों से बंद तो नहीं है? (acchaa. bahuT DiNon Se baND To Nahiin hai?) |
| Driver: नहीं बस इस हफ्ते ही बंद किया है क्योंकि कुछ दिनों में काम शुरू होगा. (Nahiin baS iS haphTe hii baND kiyaa hai kyonki kuch DiNon mein kam suru hogaa.) |
| Maya: Let’s now listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Customer: भैय्या आप ये दुसरे रास्ते से क्यूँ जा रहे हैं? (bhaiyyaa aap ye DuSre raaSTe Se kyun jaa rahe hai?) |
| Customer: Bhaiya, why are you driving us via this other road? |
| Driver: क्योंकि वो पहला वाला रस्ता अभी बंद है. (kyonki vo pahLa vaaLaa raSTaa abhii baND hai.) |
| Driver: That's because the regular road is closed off at the moment. |
| Customer: वो रस्ता बंद क्यूँ है? (vo raSTaa baND kyun hai?) |
| Customer: Why is that road closed off? |
| Driver: वहाँ फ्लाईओवर बनने के कारण रस्ते को बंद किया हुआ है. (vahaan fLaaiiovar baN-Ne ke kaaran raSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai.) |
| Driver: There is an overpass being constructed in that area, therefore, the road has been blocked off. |
| Customer: अच्छा. बहुत दिनों से बंद तो नहीं है? (acchaa. bahuT DiNon Se baND To Nahiin hai?) |
| Customer: Okay. It hasn't been closed for very long, right? |
| Driver: नहीं बस इस हफ्ते ही बंद किया है क्योंकि कुछ दिनों में काम शुरू होगा. (Nahiin baS iS haphTe hii baND kiyaa hai kyonki kuch DiNon mein kam suru hogaa.) |
| Driver: No, only since this week, because the construction will start in a few days. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Let’s talk about “auto rickshaws”. These vehicles are very common in India. |
| Udita: Right, and they are often called “Autos”. These are very similar to “Tuk Tuks”, which are the three-wheelers found in Thailand. |
| Maya: Yes, a regular Auto carries the driver in the front, plus 3 or 4 people seated in the back. |
| Udita: It’s the vehicle of choice for most middle-class Indians in cities and towns - it's cheaper than a cab, but offers the same speed. |
| Maya: Yes, and it’s great for use inside a city. The price is cheap, but in cities like New Delhi, you have to bargain to agree on a price before the ride. |
| Udita: In some places like Kolkata, many passengers share a ride for a fixed price if they are going the same way. In other places, Autos use a meter, to track cost by distance, like in cabs. |
| Udita: Right, so generally it’s best to use a meter if one’s available. |
| Maya: Listeners, keep that in mind! And now it’s time for the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Udita: दूसरा (DuSraa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: second, other |
| Udita: दूसरा (DuSraa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: दूसरा (DuSraa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: रस्ता/ रास्ता (raSTaa/raaSTaa)[natural native speed] |
| Maya: road/ way |
| Udita: रस्ता/ रास्ता (raSTaa/raaSTaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: रस्ता/ रास्ता (raSTaa/raaSTaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: बनना (baNNa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: to be made |
| Udita: बनना (baNNa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बनना (baNNa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: पहला वाला (pahLaa vaaLaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya : first one, regular one |
| Udita: पहला वाला (pahLaa vaaLaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: पहला वाला (pahLaa vaaLaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: बंद (baND) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: closed, blocked |
| Udita: बंद (baND) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बंद (baND) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: वहाँ (vahaan) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: there |
| Udita: वहाँ (vahaan) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: वहाँ (vahaan) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: हफ्ता (haphTaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: week |
| Udita: हफ्ता (haphTaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: हफ्ता (haphTaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: शुरू (shuroo) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: start |
| Udita: शुरू (shuroo)[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: शुरू (shuroo)[natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Maya: Let’s look at some of the words and phrases used. |
| Udita: The first is “pahLaa”, which actually also means “the first”! This is combined with ‘vaaLaa’ to get the phrase ‘pahLaa vaaLaa’ which means “The first one” or “the one before”. |
| Maya: Similarly, “DuSraa” means ‘second’. “DuSraa vaaLaa” means “the second one” but also means “other”. |
| Udita: In the conversation, we heard one of the speakers say “DuSraa vaaLaa raaSTaa”, which means “the other road”. |
| Maya: In the same way, if you want to say “every other week” in Hindi, that would be ‘har DuSre haphTe’. |
| Udita: Let’s go to the next word. It is ‘baND’. |
| Maya: ‘banD’ means “closed” or “blocked”. It is combined with the verb verb होना hoNaa, meaning “to happen/to be”, or with the verb करना ‘karNaa’, meaning “to do”. |
| Udita: If we are talking about objects closing then we’d use the verb ‘hoNaa’. “To be closed” is “baND hoNaa”. |
| Maya: Yes, so to say “The park is now closed”, you would say ‘park baND ho gayaa hai’. |
| Udita: The action of closing something, “to close”, is described as ‘baND karNaa’. So to say “The park has been closed”, you would say “park baND kar Diyaa hai”. |
| Maya: Exactly. The next verb is ‘baNNaa’ which means “to be made” or “to become”. This is used for things being constructed, to describe them taking shape. |
| Udita: That’s right. An example is this sentence - ‘cake abhii baN rahii hai’. This means “the cake is getting baked right now”. |
| Maya: This verb is used to talk about things that are getting made, but without talking about the maker. So you could talk about food or buildings using this word. |
| Udita: This verb is related to the verb “बनाना baNaaNaa” which means “to make”. |
| Maya: Ok, now let’s move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Maya: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the words क्योंकि 'kyonki' and कारण 'kaaran', which both mean “because” in Hindi. |
| Udita: The words ‘kyonki’ and ‘kaaran’ are used to explain the reason for something. While ‘kyonki’ is closest to the word “because” in English, “kaaran” is closer to “due to, because of, therefore”. |
| Maya: ‘kyonki’ always comes before the reason you want to state. Let’s try an example. “The road is wet because it rained today”. |
| Udita: Okay, so ‘road’ is “raSTaa”, ‘wet’ is “giLaa” and ‘rain’ is “baaris”. So we’d say “raSTaa giLaa hai kyonki aaj baaris huii THii”. |
| Maya: In the dialogue, we heard the driver explain that he drove on a different road because the regular road is blocked off, using ‘kyonki’. |
| Udita: He said “क्योंकि वो पहला वाला रस्ता अभी बन्द है ‘Kyonki vo paihLaa vaalaa raaSTaa abhi baND hai’ which means “That’s because the regular road is closed off at the moment.” |
| Maya: Now, ‘kaaran’ is used in more varied ways. It’s a noun that means “cause” and comes after the reason. |
| Udita: One way of using it is if you place ‘ke kaaran’ between the cause and the effect. You can try this with the same example of the road being wet due to rain. |
| Maya: So the reason is the rain, ‘ke kaaran’, and then the result is that the road is wet. So “aaj baaris hoNe ke kaaran raSTaa giLaa hai”. |
| Udita: That’s right. The exceptions are if the reason is ‘me’ or ‘you’ or ‘us’. ‘Because of me’ will be “mere kaaran”. ‘Because of us’ is “hamaare kaaran”. |
| Maya: And ‘Because of you’ is “Tumhaare kaaran”. This is informal, and an even more casual version will be “Tere kaaran”. |
| Udita: In the dialogue, we heard the rickshaw driver say that “The road is closed off due to the overpass being built there”. |
| Maya: Right, he said “vahaan fLaaiiovar baNNe ke kaaran raSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai”. |
| Udita: There is another way you can use ‘kaaran’. If you state the cause first, then you can start a new sentence with ‘iS kaaran’, and explain the result. ‘iS kaaran’ is like saying ‘That’s why’. |
| Maya: So if you said ‘it rained today’ then I could respond by saying ‘iS kaaran’ plus “the road is wet” which becomes “iS kaaran raSTaa giLaa hai”. Well, that's all for our lesson. Be sure to read the lesson notes for more examples! |
| Udita: Listeners, can you try to say “I am going home next week because it’s my mother’s birthday” using ‘kyonki’ and ‘kaaran’? Leave us a comment at HindiPod101.com. |
Outro |
| Udita: Okay, that’s it for this lesson. |
| Maya: Thanks for listening. Until next time! |
| Udita: "Shukriyaa aur aLviDaa!" |
Comments
HideHave you ever used an auto rickshaw?
Hello Jasmine,
Thanks for sharing your experience with auto rickshaws!
If you have any question, let us know.
Best Wishes,
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
I've used an auto rickshaw multiple times in my home country Nigeria
Hello Ashok,
Thanks for your post!
Well done! Just remove यह (yah) in the sentence.
All the best!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
मैं अगले हफ़्ते घर जा रहा हूँ, क्योंकि यह मेरी माँ का जन्मदिन है.
Hello Dr. Kang,
Thanks for your post!
You can also say, "vahaan fLaaiiovar baNaNe ke kaaran raSTaa baND hai."
However, "raastaa band kar gayaa hai." isn't correct. It would be "raaSTaa baND kar Diyaa hai."
I hope this helps!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
Namaste!
mera ek savaal hai.
In the sentence above 'vahaan fLaaiiovar baNNe ke kaaran raSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai' ,
I would like to know why the 'ko' is used after the subject Raste, and why it ended with huaa hai.
Can it be just simply like ' ~~ ke kaaran Rasta band kiya hai.(due to ~~, the road has been close.) 😄
or रास्ता बंद कर गया है(raastaa band kar gayaa hai.) using the passive voice by adding 'gayaa hai' 😄??
कृपया मुझे बताओ. धन्यवाद !!
Hi Celine,
Thanks for your post and feedback! We will keep your feedback in mind for future lessons.
If you find anything confusing or have any doubts, please let us know. We will be glad to answer your questions.
All the best!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
The lessons are very nice but there are some mistakes. Also, sometimes, there's text without audio. And when we listen to audio vocabulary, one voice is always very fast and a bit aggressive. It would be nice also to have a full lesson paper with important portions highlighted. But thank you for the lesson.
Hello Gloria,
Thank you for your comment.
I am glad to hear that you found this lesson helpful. ❤️ I hope you like the rest of our series. 😊
If you have any questions, please let us know.
Cheers,
Ali
Team HindiPod101.com
This lesson and explanations were very helpful. So clear and easy to follow. Thanks very much. Gloria
Hi Priyanka,
Thanks for your positive feedback!
If you have any questions, just let us know.
All the best!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
Good
Hi Jeffrey,
Thanks for posting!
These sentences are excellent. Just a couple of corrections:
In the first sentence:
अगले हफ़्ते (agaLe hafTe) (not "agaLaa hafTaa")
In the second sentence:
मेरी माँ के जन्मदिन पर (merii maan ke jaNmaDiN par) (not "kii jaNmaDiN", not "hoNe par")
I hope this helps!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
अगला हफ्ता मैं घर जा रहा हूं क्योंकि मेरी मां का जन्मदिन है। मेरी मां की जन्मदिन होने पर अगले हफ्ते मैं घर जा रहा हूं।
नमस्ते (Namaste) Sandi,
बहुत शुक्रिया (bahut shukriyaa) for taking the time to leave us a comment.
Please watch out for our regular promotional deals when you can get the subscription on a far lower price! 😇
Apart from that, you can also learn with us completely for free, if you wish to do so :)
Please let us know if you have any questions!
लेवेन्टे (Levente)
Team HindiPod101.com
This lessons are very useful and it's very easy to learn .But can you please reduce the amount of subscription for Premium, because this is too high in Indian Rupees. So,I can't access all the lessons .Please reduce the amount. Please
नमस्ते (Namaste) Rubin,
बहुत शुक्रिया (bahut shukriyaa) for taking the time to leave us a comment. 😇
Please let us know if you have any questions 😉
Kind regards,
लेवेन्टे (Levente)
Team HindiPod101.com
I like . 👍👍
Hi Masato,
Thanks for your question!
There is a slight difference between the two:
रास्ता बंद है (raaSTaa baND hai) ("is")
रास्ते को बंद किया हुआ है (raaSTe ko baND kiyaa huaa hai) ("has been")
I hope this helps!
Roohi
Team HindiPod101.com
Thank you for this lesson. I enjoyed it very much.
Now I have a question. Is the expression बंद किया हुआ है the same as बंद किया है ?
I am looking forward to learning other lessons.