Learn how to use होना (hoNaa) meaning "to happen"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com’s Beginner Series. This is Season 1, Lesson 5 - Good Luck on Your Hindi Exam! |
| Udita: "Namaste, I’m Udita in Hindi". I'm Udita. In this lesson you’ll learn how to talk about events and activities, using “hoNaa”, which means “to happen”. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place over the phone. |
| Udita: It’s between cousins who are both female. The older is referred to as “DiiDii” by the younger, which means “older sister”. |
| Maya: Since they are cousins, they will be using informal Hindi.. |
| Udita: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Didi: हेलो पायल? कल के परीक्षा के लिए शुभकामनाएँ. (haLo paayaL? kaL ke pariiksaa ke Lie subhkaamNaaen.) |
| Payal: शुक्रिया दीदी. (sukriyaa DiiDii.) |
| Didi: तैयारी कैसी हुई? (taiyaari kaiSii huii?) |
| Payal: ठीक ही है लेकिन देखतें है कैसा होता है. (thiik hii hai LekiN DekhTen hain kaiSaa hoTaa hai.) |
| Didi: तुम ठीक हो? (Tum thiik ho?) |
| Payal: वैसे ठीक हूँ बस थोड़ी सी घबराहट हो रही है. (vaiSe thiik huun baS THodii Sii ghabRaahat ho rahii hai.) |
| Didi: ज़रूर अच्छा ही होगा. (zaruur acchaa hii hogaa.) |
| Maya: Now, let’s listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Didi: हेलो पायल? कल के परीक्षा के लिए शुभकामनाएँ. (haLo paayaL? kaL ke pariiksaa ke Lie subhkaamNaaen.) |
| Payal: शुक्रिया दीदी. (sukriyaa DiiDii.) |
| Didi: तैयारी कैसी हुई? (taiyaari kaiSii huii?) |
| Payal: ठीक ही है लेकिन देखतें है कैसा होता है. (thiik hii hai LekiN DekhTen hain kaiSaa hoTaa hai.) |
| Didi: तुम ठीक हो? (Tum thiik ho?) |
| Payal: वैसे ठीक हूँ बस थोड़ी सी घबराहट हो रही है. (vaiSe thiik huun baS THodii Sii ghabRaahat ho rahii hai.) |
| Didi: ज़रूर अच्छा ही होगा. (zaruur acchaa hii hogaa.) |
| Maya: Now, let’s listen to the same conversation at a slow speed. |
| Didi: हेलो पायल? कल के परीक्षा के लिए शुभकामनाएँ. (haLo paayaL? kaL ke pariiksaa ke Lie subhkaamNaaen.) |
| Didi: Hello Payal? Best of luck for tomorrow's exam. |
| Payal: शुक्रिया दीदी. (sukriyaa DiiDii.) |
| Payal: Thanks Didi (addressing elder sister). |
| Didi: तैयारी कैसी हुई? (taiyaari kaiSii huii?) |
| Didi: How has the preparation gone? |
| Payal: ठीक ही है लेकिन देखतें है कैसा होता है. (thiik hii hai LekiN DekhTen hain kaiSaa hoTaa hai.) |
| Payal: Okay but let's see how it goes. |
| Didi: तुम ठीक हो? (Tum thiik ho?) |
| Didi: Are you feeling all right? |
| Payal: वैसे ठीक हूँ बस थोड़ी सी घबराहट हो रही है. (vaiSe thiik huun baS THodii Sii ghabRaahat ho rahii hai.) |
| Payal: I'm fine, just a little nervous. |
| Didi: ज़रूर अच्छा ही होगा. (zaruur acchaa hii hogaa.) |
| Didi: It'll go well I'm sure. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Let’s talk about exams and grades. These are quite serious issues for young students in India. |
| Udita: That’s right - education is considered as the main path for really making or breaking a person’s life. That’s why academics is given a lot of importance in middle-class families. |
| Maya: Exam results and grades are shared and discussed very openly and commonly with friends and relations. These are like a common responsibility for the whole family! |
| Udita: Especially the “Boards exams”. These are the most important exams that school students take in the 10th and 12th grades. They are extremely competitive and intense. |
| Maya: Yes, students have to spend almost all their time preparing for Boards exams, for at least one year before. |
| Udita: They have to take a lot of tuition classes and really study all the time. And what’s more, grades are always posted publicly, by rankings based on marks scored. |
| Maya: That’s quite a lot of pressure. Udita, if you can get a very high grade, does that mean you can relax about university entrance? |
| Udita: Well, even if you get high grade, your ranking matters, because colleges will look at your relative score. And then you may have to take further entrance exams. |
| Maya: What are some of the top choices for college or university? |
| Udita: It’s different depending on the subject area of course, but overall, engineering is what the top students are aiming for. And when it comes to engineering, the Indian Institute of Technology, or IIT, as it’s commonly known, is really the top choice. |
| Maya: The IIT tends to have a really high ranking globally. The competition to enroll must be intense! |
| Udita: It is! Ok, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Udita: कल (kal) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: tomorrow or yesterday |
| Udita: कल (kal) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: कल (kal) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: परीक्षा (pariiksaa) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: test, exam |
| Udita: परीक्षा (pariiksaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: परीक्षा (pariiksaa) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: तैयारी (Taiyaarii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: preparation |
| Udita: तैयारी (Taiyaarii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: तैयारी (Taiyaarii) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: ठीक (thiik) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: fine, good |
| Udita: ठीक (thiik) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: ठीक (thiik) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: देखतें हैं (DekhTen hain) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: let’s see, we’ll see |
| Udita: देखतें हैं (DekhTen hain) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: देखतें हैं (DekhTen hain) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: थोड़ी सी (thodii sii) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: a little |
| Udita: थोड़ी सी (thodii sii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: थोड़ी सी (thodii sii) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: घबराहट (ghabraahat) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: nervousness |
| Udita: घबराहट (ghabraahat) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: घबराहट (ghabraahat) [natural native speed] |
| Udita: ज़रूर (zaruur) [natural native speed] |
| Maya: definitely, certainly, surely |
| Udita: ज़रूर (zaruur) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: ज़रूर (zaruur) [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Udita: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Maya: The first word is ‘Taiyaarii’. This is a noun meaning “preparation”. |
| Udita: It’s commonly paired with the verbs करना ‘karNaa’ meaning “to do” when identifying an active subject, or होना ‘hoNaa’ meaning “to be/happen”. |
| Maya: ‘Taiyaarii karNaa’ is “to prepare”. ‘Taiyaarii hoNaa’ means “to be prepared” or “could prepare”. |
| Udita: For example, you could say “TumNe Taiyaarii kii?” which means “Did you prepare?” |
| Maya: You could also say “Tumhaari Taiyaari huii?” which means ‘Is your preparation done?’ |
| Udita: The next phrase is देखतें है ‘DekhTen hai’ which means “Let’s see”. |
| Maya: There are two ways of understanding this. One is when talking about how events will unfold, like in the conversation earlier. It’s used when talking about events outside your control. |
| Udita: A good example is when cricketers or sportspeople are asked about their chances of winning a game. They may say “hamNe puurii Taiyaarii kii hai. aage DekhTen hain kyaa hoTaa hai.” |
| Maya: Right, this means “We have prepared with full effort. Beyond that, let’s see what happens.” |
| Udita: There is another way of using ‘DekhTein hain’. It’s when you’re challenging someone, such as in “Let’s see who wins”. |
| Maya: Right, so the situation really matters. If someone says to you “I don’t think you can do this”, and then your reply is ‘DekhTen hain’, what you’re saying is “We’ll see”. |
| Udita: The next word is ‘ठीक ‘thiik’ which means “right, fine’. |
| Maya: It’s used a lot, especially when you’re responding to ‘how are you?’ |
| Udita: So you would say ‘main thiik huun’ Which means “I am fine.” You can use it for anything and any topic really. |
| Maya: Something people say a lot is “thiik Se baTaao”, which means “Tell me properly”. This is in informal Hindi. |
| Udita: Another way people use it is for moral topics. If I were to say ‘ye thiik Nahiin hai’ that would mean “This isn’t right.” |
| Maya: Ok, now let’s move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Maya: In this lesson we’ll learn how to use the verb होना ‘hoNaa’, which means “to happen”. |
| Udita: The verb होना ‘hoNaa’ means “to be” and “to happen”, and is used to talk about events in Hindi. |
| Maya: The simple past tense of this is हुआ/ हुई/हुए ‘huaa/huii/hue’ which means ‘happened’. These are the masculine, feminine, and plural forms. |
| Udita: A simple example is ‘barSaaT huii THii’ which means ‘It had rained’. |
| Maya: The simple present perfect tense is ‘hoTaa/hoTii/hoTe’ which means ‘happens’. For example, we could say हर हफ्ते ऐसा होता है. ‘har haphTe aiSaa hoTaa hai’. This means “This happens every week”. |
| Udita: The present continuous form is ‘ho rahaa/rahii/rahen hai’ which means ‘is happening’. An example would be to say “It is raining”. |
| Maya: That would be “baaris ho rahii hai”. |
| Udita: The simple future tense of the verb is ‘hogaa/hogii/hoNge’ which means ‘will happen’. Those are, again, the masculine, feminine and plural forms. |
| Maya: A simple example of this would be ‘ab kyaa hogaa?’ which means “What will happen now?” |
| Udita: Right. Also, keep in mind that in all the tenses, the plural forms ‘hue’, ‘hoTe’, ‘ho rahen’, ‘honge’ can be used for singular subjects, at the formal level. |
| Maya: This would be used in a situation where you have to show respect to the subject. |
Outro |
| Udita: Well, that's all for this lesson. Be sure to read the lesson notes for more examples! |
| Maya: Thanks for listening, everyone. Also if you can say “Why is this happening?” in Hindi, let us know what it is in a comment at HindiPod101.com. |
| Udita: Until next time! “aLviDaa aur phir miLeNge!” |
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