Learn some common idioms
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| Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 14 - Have You Heard These Hindi Rumors? |
| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 14 - Have You Heard These Hindi Rumors? Eric here. |
| Udita: नमस्ते NamaSTe I'm Udita. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn some common Hindi expressions and basic idioms. The conversation takes place at a cafe. |
| Udita: It's between Sapna, Pranav, and Karan. |
| Eric: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use familiar Hindi. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| सपना : प्रणव इस फ्लाईओवर बनाने के विषय पर तुम्हारा क्या खयाल है? तुम तो पास में ही रहते हो, और हम दोनों से ज़्यादा इस समस्या से सम्बंधित होंगे। |
| प्रणव : हाँ, पूछो मत! इस विषय पर मोहल्ले में बहुत ज़्यादा चर्चा और बहस हुई है और अब भी समाधान नहीं हुआ है। |
| प्रणव : फ्लाईओवर से तो सबको फ़ायदा होगा, लेकिन जैसा तुम ने कहा, बहुत लोग शोर को लेकर चिंतित हैं। और कुछ लोगों का यह भी कहना है कि इस बहाने पास की बस्ती को हटा दिया जाएगा। |
| प्रणव : मुझे तो कुछ समझ नहीं आ रहा है कि क्या सच है और क्या नहीं! |
| सपना : अच्छा? यह बस्ती हटाने वाली बात नयी लगती है। |
| करन : मुझे लगता है कि बात का बतंगड़ बनाया जा रहा है। |
| सपना : शायद। हो सकता है कि असल में कोई झमेला है ही नहीं। लेकिन जब इतनी अफ़वाहें फ़ैल रहीं हैं, और लोग चिंतित हैं, अधिकारिओं को आगे आकर सारी बातों को स्पष्ट कर देना चाहिए। |
| प्रणव : हाँ वे आगे आएं, साफ़ साफ़ सारी बातें पेश करें, और योजना के बारे में सही में जानकारी दें, तो समस्या खुद-ब-खुद हल हो जाएगी । |
| करन : लेकिन ऐसा भी हो सकता है कि उन्होंने इस बात को ज़्यादा ध्यान दिया तो यह बात और भी बड़ी बन जाए। |
| सपना : हो सकता है, लेकिन क्या यह समस्या इतनी पेंचीदा है? बातचीत से समस्या का समाधान हो भी सकता है। मुझे लगता है कि नज़रअंदाज़ करने से बहुत दिनों तक उलझी रहेगी। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| सपना : प्रणव इस फ्लाईओवर बनाने के विषय पर तुम्हारा क्या खयाल है? तुम तो पास में ही रहते हो, और हम दोनों से ज़्यादा इस समस्या से सम्बंधित होंगे। |
| प्रणव : हाँ, पूछो मत! इस विषय पर मोहल्ले में बहुत ज़्यादा चर्चा और बहस हुई है और अब भी समाधान नहीं हुआ है। |
| प्रणव : फ्लाईओवर से तो सबको फ़ायदा होगा, लेकिन जैसा तुम ने कहा, बहुत लोग शोर को लेकर चिंतित हैं। और कुछ लोगों का यह भी कहना है कि इस बहाने पास की बस्ती को हटा दिया जाएगा। |
| प्रणव : मुझे तो कुछ समझ नहीं आ रहा है कि क्या सच है और क्या नहीं! |
| सपना : अच्छा? यह बस्ती हटाने वाली बात नयी लगती है। |
| करन : मुझे लगता है कि बात का बतंगड़ बनाया जा रहा है। |
| सपना : शायद। हो सकता है कि असल में कोई झमेला है ही नहीं। लेकिन जब इतनी अफ़वाहें फ़ैल रहीं हैं, और लोग चिंतित हैं, अधिकारिओं को आगे आकर सारी बातों को स्पष्ट कर देना चाहिए। |
| प्रणव : हाँ वे आगे आएं, साफ़ साफ़ सारी बातें पेश करें, और योजना के बारे में सही में जानकारी दें, तो समस्या खुद-ब-खुद हल हो जाएगी । |
| करन : लेकिन ऐसा भी हो सकता है कि उन्होंने इस बात को ज़्यादा ध्यान दिया तो यह बात और भी बड़ी बन जाए। |
| सपना : हो सकता है, लेकिन क्या यह समस्या इतनी पेंचीदा है? बातचीत से समस्या का समाधान हो भी सकता है। मुझे लगता है कि नज़रअंदाज़ करने से बहुत दिनों तक उलझी रहेगी। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Sapna: Pranav, what’s your opinion regarding the flyover? After all, you actually live in the area, and will be more directly concerned with this issue than either of us. |
| Pranav: Yeah seriously, there’s been way too much discussion and argument on this topic with no progress yet. |
| Pranav: The flyover should benefit everyone, but like you said, many people are worried about noise concerns. And some are also saying that this is an excuse to clear out the slum nearby. |
| Pranav: I can't figure out what’s true and what isn't. |
| Sapna: Really? This slum-clearance point seems to be new. |
| Karan: I really think that this is just being made into a big deal unnecessarily. |
| Sapna: Maybe. It's possible that there is no real basis for such concerns. But when there are so many rumours circulating, and people are concerned, the officials should come forward and clarify matters. |
| Pranav: Yes, if they come forward and present all the points clearly and explain the plan, then the problems should automatically subside. |
| Karan: But it can also be that if they give attention to this matter then it blows up more. |
| Sapna: It is possible, but is it really that complicated? It would be quite simple to resolve the issue by addressing the concerns. I feel that if the authorities ignore the matter, it will stay unresolved for a long time. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Some local politics were creeping into the conversation in this lesson. What can you tell us about the political structure of India? |
| Udita: The Republic of India has a political system of parliamentary democracy. |
| Eric: So who’s the Head of State in India? |
| Udita: The President is the Head of State, but the Prime Minister is the Head of Government and is the most important figure in politics. |
| Eric: How is the government structured? |
| Udita: There are two houses in the executive branch. The upper house is Rajya Sabha, and the lower house is either Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha. |
| Eric: We’ve said before that India is a country with many different cultures and languages. How does the government deal with the variety? |
| Udita: Each state government has its own official languages, but the national government uses Hindi and English as its official languages. |
| Eric: All in all, there are around 23 recognized official languages, right? |
| Udita: Yes, and around seven recognized religions. |
| Eric: Which is also why there are so many festivals. |
| Udita: Yes, and many national holidays. |
| Eric: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Udita: खयाल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: thought, idea, care |
| Udita: खयाल[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: खयाल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: बहस [natural native speed] |
| Eric: argument, dispute, debate |
| Udita: बहस[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बहस [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: समाधान [natural native speed] |
| Eric: resolution, settlement, solution |
| Udita: समाधान[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: समाधान [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: बहाना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: excuse, pretense, cover |
| Udita: बहाना[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बहाना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: असल में [natural native speed] |
| Eric: actually, in reality |
| Udita: असल में [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: असल में [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: अफ़वाह [natural native speed] |
| Eric: rumor |
| Udita: अफ़वाह[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: अफ़वाह [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: फैलना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to spread |
| Udita: फैलना[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: फैलना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: स्पष्ट [natural native speed] |
| Eric: clear, obvious |
| Udita: स्पष्ट[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: स्पष्ट [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: खुद-ब -खुद [natural native speed] |
| Eric: by itself, on your own, naturally, automatically |
| Udita: खुद-ब -खुद [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: खुद-ब -खुद [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Udita: उलझना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to get caught up with, to wrangle with, to become trapped in |
| Udita: उलझना[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: उलझना [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's take a closer look at some of the words and phrases used in this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Udita: फैलना phailNaa |
| Eric: meaning "to spread." What can you tell us about this? |
| Udita: फैलना phaiLNaa is an intransitive verb and we use it with fluid or gaseous things that can spread or flow. |
| Eric: Is it only used in those circumstances? |
| Udita: No, it can also be used for groups of things that can spread when spilt, like a bag of beads or things like ants or bees that spread out. |
| Eric: So it’s very versatile. |
| Udita: Right. It can also be used with concepts, such as the spread of news or rumors. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. बीमारी ज़्यादा फैलने से पहले उसे रोकना चाहिए। biimaarii zyaaDaa phailNe Se pahLe uSe rokNaa caahie. |
| Eric: ..which means "The spread of the disease should be stopped before it gets too far." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Udita: खुद-ब -खुद khuD-ba-khuD |
| Eric: meaning "on its own,” “by itself”, “automatically." What do we need to know about this? |
| Udita: This phrase is a part of the Urdu-Hindi vocabulary. |
| Eric: And how is it broken down? |
| Udita: खुद khuD means “self”, and the phrase खुद-ब-खुद khuD-ba-khuD literally means “by itself.” |
| Eric: So it could also mean “automatically.” Can it be used for objects that operate automatically? |
| Udita: Yes, it’s commonly used for objects and processes that don’t need any help from humans. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. यह ट्रेन खुद-ब-खुद चलती है - इसका कोई चालक नहीं है। yah treN khuD-ba-khuD calTii hai - iSkaa koii caalak Nahii hai. |
| Eric: .. which means "This train runs on its own - there is no driver." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Udita: उलझना uLajhNaa |
| Eric: meaning "to get caught up in,” “to create a problem." What can you tell us about this? |
| Udita: उलझना uLajhNaa is an intransitive verb meaning “to get caught up in.” |
| Eric: How do we use it? |
| Udita: It’s associated with the noun उलझन uLjhaN, which means “problem” or “trouble.” |
| Eric: So it’s used when getting caught up in trouble. |
| Udita: That’s one of the uses, yes. It can also be used when getting caught up in actual physical things, such as a web, or in things you want to avoid such as an argument, a scuffle, or extra work. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example.. रवि कोई भी बहस में नहीं उलझते और चुपचाप ही रहते हैं। ravi koii bhii bahaS mein Nahiin ulajhTe aur cupcaap hii rahTe hain. |
| Eric: .. which means "Ravi never gets involved in arguments, and stays quiet." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn about common Hindi expressions and basic idioms. Idioms are an easy way to make yourself understood and sound fluent in any language you’re learning. |
| Udita: That’s right, and these can come up in conversations too. Like the one we heard in the conversation, बात का बतंगड़ बनाना baaT kaa baTaNgad baNaaNaa |
| Eric: Which means “to make a big fuss.” So let’s go through some Hindi idioms! Okay Udita, what do you have for us first? |
| Udita: आग में हाथ डालना aag mein haaTH daaLNaa. |
| Eric: What does that mean? |
| Udita: I’ll tell you the meanings of a few of the words, and then I want you to try and guess! |
| Eric: Okay, I’ll try! |
| Udita: aag means “fire,” में mein means “in,” हाथ haaTH is “hand,” and डालना daaLNaa is a transitive verb which means “to put in.” |
| Eric: So it’s literally “put your hand into the fire”? Is it something to do with cooking? |
| Udita: No! It means “to attempt something very risky,” as putting your hand into the fire is risky. |
| Eric: Well, I failed at guessing that one! Can I have a chance to redeem myself? |
| Udita: Okay… घोलकर पीना ghoLkar piiNaa. घोलना ghoLNaa is a transitive verb meaning “to stir and mix in” and पीना piiNaa is a transitive verb meaning “to drink.” |
| Eric: So the literal meaning is “to mix in and drink completely.” |
| Udita: Yes, but what does the idiom mean? |
| Eric: Um… ‘To accept something completely?’ Like to take some idea or concept in and to completely accept it? |
| Udita: Yeah, that’s pretty much it! It can be used for dedicating yourself to learning something or even brainwashing. |
| Eric: One last one. |
| Udita: ठंडा करना thaNdaa karNaa. In this one, ठंडा thaNdaa is an adjective that means “cold,” and करना karNaa is a transitive verb meaning “to do.” |
| Eric: So the literal translation is “to cool someone or something down”? |
| Udita: Yes, it is. You’re one for one here Eric, this is the tiebreaker. Can you get it right? |
| Eric: No pressure, right? |
| Udita: None at all. |
| Eric: Does it mean to calm someone down when they’re angry? |
| Udita: Ah, close but not quite! It means “to teach someone a lesson” or “to put them in their place.” |
| Eric: Ah, I lost. We only had time to go through three idioms in this lesson, so make sure to check out the lesson notes as there are many more idioms to learn! |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! |
| Udita: अलविदा alviDaa |
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