Learn how to talk about an experience using the "to be" verb tense
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| Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 7 - An Unfortunate Accident in India |
| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 7 - An Unfortunate Accident in India. I’m Eric. |
| Udita: नमस्तेNamaSTe I'm Udita. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about undergoing experiences, using the "to be" verb tense. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Udita: It's between Maneesha and Pranav. |
| Eric: The speakers are family members, so they'll be speaking familiar Hindi to each other. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| प्रणव : क्या तुमने सुना है - फोर्थ फ्लोर वाले शर्माजी का पैर टूट गया? हड्डी फ्रैक्चर हो गयी है! |
| मनीषा : अरे बापरे! कैसे हुआ? |
| प्रणव : वे स्कूटर से गिर गए। बहुत बुरी तरीके से गिरे होंगे। |
| मनीषा : ओहो बेचारे। अस्पताल में हैं क्या? |
| प्रणव : नहीं अभी घर लाए गए हैं। व्हीलचेयर में हैं। |
| मनीषा : क्या तुम मिले थे उनसे? |
| प्रणव : हाँ एलीवेटर में उनसे मुलाकात हो गयी। व्हीलचेयर में देखकर मैं तो चौंक ही गया। बहुत मुश्किल में होंगे। |
| मनीषा : हाँ इस उम्र में हड्डीओं का टूटना तो बहुत ही परेशानी की बात है। परिवार के सभी लोग बहुत चिंतित, और कठिनाई में होंगे। |
| प्रणव : हाँ कह रहे थे कि देखभाल के लिए नर्स रखना उनके लिए मुश्किल होगा, इस लिए घरवाले ही देखभाल कर रहे हैं। |
| मनीषा : अच्छा? तो हमें जितना हो सके उन सब का हाथ बटाना चाहिए। |
| प्रणव : हाँ, चलो उनसे मिलकर बोल आते हैं कि ज़रुरत पड़े तो हमें बुला लें। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation one time, slowly. |
| प्रणव : क्या तुमने सुना है - फोर्थ फ्लोर वाले शर्माजी का पैर टूट गया? हड्डी फ्रैक्चर हो गयी है! |
| मनीषा : अरे बापरे! कैसे हुआ? |
| प्रणव : वे स्कूटर से गिर गए। बहुत बुरी तरीके से गिरे होंगे। |
| मनीषा : ओहो बेचारे। अस्पताल में हैं क्या? |
| प्रणव : नहीं अभी घर लाए गए हैं। व्हीलचेयर में हैं। |
| मनीषा : क्या तुम मिले थे उनसे? |
| प्रणव : हाँ एलीवेटर में उनसे मुलाकात हो गयी। व्हीलचेयर में देखकर मैं तो चौंक ही गया। बहुत मुश्किल में होंगे। |
| मनीषा : हाँ इस उम्र में हड्डीओं का टूटना तो बहुत ही परेशानी की बात है। परिवार के सभी लोग बहुत चिंतित, और कठिनाई में होंगे। |
| प्रणव : हाँ कह रहे थे कि देखभाल के लिए नर्स रखना उनके लिए मुश्किल होगा, इस लिए घरवाले ही देखभाल कर रहे हैं। |
| मनीषा : अच्छा? तो हमें जितना हो सके उन सब का हाथ बटाना चाहिए। |
| प्रणव : हाँ, चलो उनसे मिलकर बोल आते हैं कि ज़रुरत पड़े तो हमें बुला लें। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Pranav: Did you hear -- Mr. Sharma on the fourth floor has broken his leg? His bone is fractured! |
| Maneesha: Oh my goodness! How did it happen? |
| Pranav: He fell off his bike. He must have fallen quite badly. |
| Maneesha: Oh no, poor man. Is he in the hospital? |
| Pranav: No, he has just been brought home. He's in a wheelchair. |
| Maneesha: Did you meet him? |
| Pranav: Yes I ran into him in the elevator. I was very surprised to see him in a wheelchair. He must be having a lot of difficulty. |
| Maneesha: Yes it's quite troublesome having a broken bone at his age. His family must be very concerned and distressed. |
| Pranav: Yeah they said they are unable to arrange for a nurse, so the family is looking after him on their own. |
| Maneesha: Oh really? Then we should help out as much as possible. |
| Pranav: Yes let’s go visit them and let them know to call on us if they need to. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: So in the conversation, Pranav had some bad news. |
| Udita: Yeah, poor Mr. Sharma. |
| Eric: How do people react to bad news in India? |
| Udita: In India, people often consider bad news to be the result of bad luck, destiny, or bad timing. |
| Eric: Oh, people believe in luck and timing? Does it work the other way too? Say for example, if someone is starting a new job - would they look for a time they consider to be lucky, and good timing to do so? |
| Udita: Well, maybe for new business enterprises rather than jobs, but more so with the older generation. Also, good news is shared far and wide. If something good happens to you, you should go tell your family and friends and give them sweets to celebrate. |
| Eric: It’s good to be friends with people with good news in India then! |
| Udita: Yes, it is, but you’d be expected to do the same! If the family is more established, this custom is extended to giving gifts to, and feeding the poor. |
| Eric: How about weddings? They’re usually seen as one of the happiest times and are large celebrations. |
| Udita: Yes, Indian weddings are an occasion to treat all your friends and family. You’ll be expected to invite all of your friends and relatives and to feed them well, and seek their good wishes. |
| Eric: Would this custom extend to birthdays, too? Is the birthday boy or girl expected to treat their friends, instead of the other way around? |
| Udita: Yes! And at festivals, elders give money to children, and basically this is the only equivalent to pocket money, or an allowance, that India has. |
| Eric: I hope the kids make the most of it! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Udita: अरे बापरे! [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “Oh my goodness!”, expression of surprise |
| Udita: अरे बापरे! [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: अरे बापरे! [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: बेचारा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “poor fellow, wretched person” |
| Udita: बेचारा [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बेचारा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: मुलाकात [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “meeting, visit, run-in” |
| Udita: मुलाकात [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: मुलाकात [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: चौंक जाना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “to be shocked” |
| Udita: चौंक जाना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: चौंक जाना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: परेशानी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “distress, nuisance, trouble” |
| Udita: परेशानी [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: परेशानी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: चिंतित [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “worried, concerned” |
| Udita: चिंतित [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: चिंतित [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: कठिनाई [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “trouble, difficulty” |
| Udita: कठिनाई [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: कठिनाई [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: देखभाल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “look after, take care” |
| Udita: देखभाल [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: देखभाल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And lastly.. |
| Udita: हाथ बटाना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: “to lend a hand, to share the burden of work” |
| Udita: हाथ बटाना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: हाथ बटाना [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first is.. |
| Udita: अरे बापरे! are baapre! |
| Eric: meaning "Oh my goodness!" |
| Eric: Can you break this down for us? |
| Udita: are! is an exclamation similar to “oh!” in English. बापरे baapre comes from the word बाप baap, which is a slightly impolite word for “father”. |
| Eric: And together the phrase is equivalent to “Oh my goodness!” |
| Udita: It’s an expression we can use in a situation that seems excessive. It’s similar to something like “oh dear, that’s a lot!” |
| Eric: Is it an informal expression? |
| Udita: It's used in casual speech and shouldn’t be used in formal situations, although it isn’t offensive. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. अरे बापरे! यह सब मुझसे नहीं होगा। are baapre! yah Sab mujhSe Nahiin hogaa. |
| Eric: ..which means "Oh my goodness! I can't do all this stuff!" Okay, what's the next word? |
| Udita: मुलाकात muLaakaaT |
| Eric: meaning "meeting, visit, run-in" |
| Eric: Can you tell us about this? |
| Udita: मुलाकात muLaakaaT is a noun and it’s used for meetings. |
| Eric: Is this just for planned meetings? |
| Udita: No, you can use it for chance meetings too. It's combined with the intransitive verb होना hoNaa to make मुलाकात होना muLaakaaT hoNaa |
| Eric: What does that mean? |
| Udita: It means “to have a meeting” or “to run into someone”. |
| Eric: What’s an example using this word? |
| Udita: You can say.. आप से बहुत दिनों बाद मुलाकात हो रही है।aap Se bahuT DiNon baaD muLaakaaT ho rahii hai. |
| Eric: .. which means "I am meeting you after a long time.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Udita: हाथ बटाना haaTH bataaNaa |
| Eric: meaning "to lend a hand" |
| Eric: Can you break this one down for us? |
| Udita: Sure. हाथ haaTH is a noun that means “hand” or “hands”. बटाना bataaNaa is a special verb used only in this phrase and it means “to share”. |
| Eric: So together literally it's “to share a hand”, or as in English, “to lend a hand”. |
| Udita: Right. It’s like dividing your load or burden by splitting the work. We use it to say that we are helping someone out. |
| Eric: How do we use this in a sentence? |
| Udita: First you state what the task is that you’re doing, then the person you’re helping, and finally हाथ बटाना haaTh bataaNaa. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using the phrase? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. हमारे घर में सारे आदमी भी घर के काम में हाथ बटाते हैं। |
| Eric: .. which means "In our home, all the men help with housework as well." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about undergoing experiences, using the "to be" verb tense. |
| Eric: In the dialogue, Pranav spoke about an experience that had happened. |
| Udita: Right. When we do this in Hindi, especially with bad or tragic experiences, we use either intransitive verbs or the passive voice. |
| Eric: In English, we might say something like “it is very unfortunate to lose your parents at a young age”. |
| Udita: Right. In Hindi, we phrase it the other way around. “to have X happen, it is Y.” |
| Eric: Okay, the English example I gave is structured as “it is Y to have X happen”. |
| Udita: That’s right. Let’s break down the sentence and put it together part by part. |
| Eric: Good idea. Let’s start with the first clause - “to have X happen”. |
| Udita: This is in the infinitive tense so we have to make sure the verb is as well. We’ll use होना hoNaa, “to be” and we need the possessive particle का kaa, so the clause is X का होना X kaa hoNaa |
| Eric: How about an example with another verb… such as “to fall”. |
| Udita: X का गिरना X kaa girNaa. |
| Eric: How about something that hasn’t happened, such as “having not been given X” or “having not had X”. |
| Udita: X का न मिलना X kaa Na miLNaa. You can also use this format with transitive verbs, but it’s less common. Try to stick with intransitive verbs if you have the option. |
| Eric: Okay. How about the second half of the sentence. “It is Y”. |
| Udita: Typically we use this half to express sympathy. |
| Eric: Yeah, we say things such as “it’s unfortunate to…” |
| Udita: An example of something we can say to express that is दुःख की बात है Dukh kii baaT hai - ‘is a very sad thing’. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example of a full sentence? |
| Udita: What example did you give us in English earlier? |
| Eric: Oh, wait a moment… |
| Udita: Did you forget? |
| Eric: No! “It is very unfortunate to lose your parents at a young age.” |
| Udita: बचपन में माता-पिता को खो देना बहुत दुर्भाग्य की बात है bacpaN mein maaTaa-piTaa ko kho DeNaa, bahuT Durbhaagya kii baaT hai. “दुर्भाग्य की बात Durbhaagya kii baaT” means ‘an unfortunate thing’. |
| Eric: Okay. Can you give us one last example of a full sentence, to finish the lesson off? |
| Udita: याददाश खोना बहुत ही डरावनी चीज़ है yaaDDaas khoNaa bahuT hii daraavNii ciiz hai |
| Eric: Which means “losing your memory is a very scary thing”. Hey, is that aimed at me? |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Udita: अलविदा aLviDaa |
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