Learn about how to ask and answer questions and use the information you learn to talk about someone's job
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: Namaste, I'm Maya. Welcome to HindiPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 1 - Talking About Jobs in Hindi. |
| Udita: Namaste, मैं उदिता हूँ। (main uDiTaa huun.). I'm Udita. In this lesson, you’ll review how to ask and answer questions, and use them to talk about your job. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place at a bus stop. |
| Udita: It's between Kate and Arti, who are strangers waiting for the bus. |
| Maya: Since they are strangers, they will be using formal Hindi. |
| Udita: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| केट (ket): आप क्या काम करती हैं? (aap kyaa kaam karaTii hain?) |
| आरती (aaraTii): मैं कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर हूँ। और आप क्या काम करती हैं? (main kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar huun. aur aap kyaa karaTii hain?) |
| केट (ket): मैं अध्यापिका हूँ। (main aDHyaapikaa huun.) |
| आरती (aaraTii): अध्यापिका का काम मुश्किल होता है! (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam muskiL hoTaa hai!) |
| Maya: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| केट (ket): आप क्या काम करती हैं? (aap kyaa kaam karaTii hain?) |
| आरती (aaraTii): मैं कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर हूँ। और आप क्या काम करती हैं? (main kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar huun. aur aap kyaa karaTii hain?) |
| केट (ket): मैं अध्यापिका हूँ। (main aDHyaapikaa huun.) |
| आरती (aaraTii): अध्यापिका का काम मुश्किल होता है! (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam muskiL hoTaa hai!) |
| Maya: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| केट (ket): आप क्या काम करती हैं? (aap kyaa kaam karaTii hain?) |
| Kate: What is your job? |
| आरती (aaraTii): मैं कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर हूँ। और आप क्या काम करती हैं? (main kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar huun. aur aap kyaa karaTii hain?) |
| Arti: I am a computer engineer. And what is your work? |
| केट (ket): मैं अध्यापिका हूँ। (main aDHyaapikaa huun.) |
| Kate: I am a teacher. |
| आरती (aaraTii): अध्यापिका का काम मुश्किल होता है! (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam muskiL hoTaa hai!) |
| Arti: Teacher’s job is difficult! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Do you know the most popular career option in India these days? |
| Udita: Well, I know a lot of Indians who have IT jobs. |
| Maya: You’re right! The IT sector is popular among young people because of its prospects, good wages and great employment opportunities within India, and overseas. |
| Udita: It seems like a lucrative career option. It surely offers a bright future for IT professionals! |
| Maya: And there are a lot of job opportunities at many software companies in India. Some of the well-known companies are TCS, HCL, Infosys, IBM and Wipro. |
| Udita: So while some people prefer the in-demand IT jobs, there are still others who decide to be doctors, lawyers, accountants and architects, just to name a few. |
| Maya: Yes, at the end of the day, it’s all a matter of personal choice! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Udita: काम (kaam). |
| Maya: work, job. |
| Udita: काम (kaam), काम (kaam). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: करती (karaTii). |
| Maya: to do. |
| Udita: करती (karaTii), करती (karaTii). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर (kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar). |
| Maya: Computer Engineer. |
| Udita: कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर (kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar), कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर (kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: अध्यापिका (aDHyaapikaa). |
| Maya: teacher. |
| Udita: अध्यापिका (aDHyaapikaa), अध्यापिका (aDHyaapikaa). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: अध्यापिका का काम (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam). |
| Maya: teacher's job. |
| Udita: अध्यापिका का काम (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam), अध्यापिका का काम (aDHyaapikaa ka kaam). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: मुश्किल (muskiL). |
| Maya: difficult. |
| Udita: मुश्किल (muskiL), मुश्किल (muskiL). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: हाेता (hoTaa). |
| Maya: to be. |
| Udita: हाेता (hoTaa), हाेता (hoTaa). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: है (hai). |
| Maya: is. |
| Udita: है (hai), है (hai). |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Maya: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Udita: First we have... |
| Maya: The Hindi word for “work,” which is काम (kaam). It’s a useful word, because it can also be used to refer to a job or occupation or work in general, depending on its usage in the sentence. |
| Udita: करती (karaTii) means “to do” in Hindi and it comes from the verb करना (karaNaa). Like most other Hindi verbs, करना (karaNaa) changes according to the gender and the number of the nouns. |
| Maya: Some of the job names in Hindi sound similar to English, which makes them a lot easier to learn! |
| Udita: Like “doctor” in Hindi is... |
| Maya: डॉक्टर (dauktar). |
| Udita: “Engineer” is... |
| Maya: इंजीनियर (iNjiiNiyar). |
| Udita: “Guide” in Hindi is... |
| Maya: गाइड (gaaid). |
| Udita: “Driver” is... |
| Maya: ड्राइवर (draaivar). |
| Udita: And the Hindi word for “secretary” is... |
| Maya: सेक्रेटरी (Sekretarii). |
| Maya: Next we have और (aur). In our conversation, और (aur) is used for “and.” |
| Udita: और (aur) can also mean “more” depending on its usage. For example, we could say थोड़ा और (THodaa aur) which means “some more.” Here थोड़ा (THodaa) means “some” and और (aur) means “more.” |
| Maya: Next, let’s talk about other common occupations. What is the Hindi word for “teacher?” |
| Udita: अध्यापक (aDHyaapak) for a “male teacher,” अध्यापिका (aDHyaapikaa) for a “female teacher.” |
| Maya: And what’s the word for “lawyer?” |
| Udita: It is वकील (vakiiL). And it stays the same no matter the gender. |
| Maya: So hopefully after this lesson, you will know the Hindi for a few common jobs. |
| Udita: Let’s try one more. What is the word for “watchman?” |
| Maya: It is चौकीदार (caukiiDaar). |
| Udita: Next, we have अध्यापिका का काम (aDHyaapikaa kaa kaam). Here का (kaa) is a possessive pronoun and we usually translate it as either "apostrophe s" (meaning "belonging to") or "of." It is used to show ownership, to show that someone or something "owns" something else. So. अध्यापिका का काम (aDHyaapikaa kaa kaam) translates as "teacher's work." |
| Maya: But we’ll talk some more about this in another lesson, so don’t worry if that seems confusing. |
| Udita: Ok, let’s move on to the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Maya: In this lesson, you’re going to review how to ask and answer questions, and use them to talk about your job. |
| Udita: आप क्या काम करती हैं? (aap kyaa kaam karaTii hain?). Okay, let’s break it down. Here, आप (aap) is a formal "you," क्या (kyaa) is "what," काम (kaam) is "work," करती (karaTii) is "to do," हैं (hain) is "is." |
| Maya: So, this sentence is literally "You what work do is?" which means "What is your work?" |
| Udita: Did you notice that the verb करना (karaNaa) becomes करती (karaTii) here. Any guesses why? |
| Maya: Yes, that’s because verbs are inflected for person, number, gender, tense, and mood. |
| Udita: Right! In this case, the verb करना (karaNaa) changes as the subject here is second person, the gender is feminine and the mood here is formal. So we add ती (Tii) to the verb root. It becomes आप क्या (aap kyaa) verb + ती (Tii) हैं (hain). For example, आप क्या पढ़ती हैं? (aap kyaa padhaTii hain?) which means "what do you study?" |
| Maya: When the subject is second person and the gender is masculine singular or plural, then what happens? |
| Udita: You add ते (Te) to the verb root. आप क्या (aap kyaa) verb + ते (Te) हैं (hain). For example, आप क्या पढ़ते हैं? (aap kyaa padhaTe hain?). |
| Maya: So, if want to ask a male "what do you do," it becomes... |
| Udita: आप क्या काम करते हैं? (aap kyaa kaam karaTe hain.) |
| Maya: The answer to this question remains the same whether you're a male or a female. |
| Udita: It’s so simple! So whether you are a male or a female, if you want to answer this question, the general rule is मैं (main) + your occupation + हूँ (huun). For example, मैं डॉक्टर हूँ। (main dauktar huun.). "I am a doctor." |
| Maya: Let’s break it down. Here, मैं (main) is "I", हूँ (huun) is "am" and is always used with a first person singular subject, and डॉक्टर (dauktar) is "doctor." |
| Udita: To answer a simple question about your job, everything remains the same. What changes is the noun describing your job. For example, मैं माली हूँ। (main maaLii huun.) which means "I am a gardener." |
| Maya: Also, when you’re talking about your occupation, the nouns used are mostly the same when said by either a male or a female. |
| Udita: For example, you would say मैं डॉक्टर हूँ। (main dauktar huun.) or मैं इंजीनियर हूँ। (main iNjiiNiyar huun.) no matter your gender. |
| Maya: But there are a few exceptions just like in English, so you have actor, actress or waiter, waitress. |
| Udita: In Hindi, we have, अध्यापक (aDHyaapak) for male "teacher," अध्यापिका (aDHyaapikaa) for a female "teacher," गायक (gaayak) for a male "singer," गायिका (gaayikaa) for a female "singer," अभिनेता (abhiNeTaa) for "actor" and अभिनेत्री (abhiNeTrii) for "actress." |
| Maya: Let’s look at some examples. "I am a singer." said by a male would be... |
| Udita: मैं गायक हूँ। (main gaayak huun.) |
| Maya: "I am a singer.” said by a female is... |
| Udita: मैं गायिका हूँ। (main gaayikaa huun.) |
| Maya: Okay, one last example. How would you say "I am a teacher." if you were a guy? |
| Udita: मैं अध्यापक हूँ। (main aDHyaapak huun.) |
| Maya: That was simple! Because in our lesson we just learned the phrase that is used by a female teacher. |
| Maya: Let's once again see, how this grammar point was used in the dialogue. |
| Udita: Arti says मैं कंप्यूटर इंजीनियर हूँ। (main kampyuutar iNjiiNiyar huun.), which means "I am a computer engineer." |
| Maya: Kate also talks about her occupation. She says मैं अध्यापिका हूँ। (main aDHyaapikaa huun.), which means "I am a teacher." |
Outro |
|---|
| Udita: Well, that’s all we have for this lesson. You’ll learn more job related vocabulary as your Hindi learning journey continues! |
| Maya: Listeners, tell us your occupation in Hindi by leaving us a comment at HindiPod101.com. |
| Udita: And make sure you read the lesson notes for more examples and explanations on this topic. |
| Maya: Thanks for listening, everyone. Until next time! |
| Udita: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!) |
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