Learn about expressing emotions in Hindi
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Maya: Namaste, I'm Maya. Welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 8 - An Unfortunate Indian Incident. |
| Udita: Namaste, मैं उदिता हूँ। (main uDiTaa huun). I'm Udita. In this lesson, you'll learn the common words and phrases that help to express an emotion or a sentiment better. |
| Maya: The conversation takes place at the Taj Mahal. |
| Udita: It's between Kate and Arti, who are visiting the Taj Mahal. |
| Maya: Since they are friends, they will be using informal Hindi. |
| Udita: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| केट (ket): वाह! ताज महल कितना सुन्दर है! (vaah! Taaj mahaL kiTaNaa SuNDar hai!) |
| आरती (aaraTii): हाँ, बहुत सुन्दर है! (haan, bahuT SuNDar hai!) |
| केट (ket): हाय! मेरा कैमरा कहाँ है? (haay! meraa kaimaraa kahaan hai?) |
| आरती (aaraTii): क्या!! (kyaa!!) |
| Maya: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| केट (ket): वाह! ताज महल कितना सुन्दर है! (vaah! Taaj mahaL kiTaNaa SuNDar hai!) |
| आरती (aaraTii): हाँ, बहुत सुन्दर है! (haan, bahuT SuNDar hai!) |
| केट (ket): हाय! मेरा कैमरा कहाँ है? (haay! meraa kaimaraa kahaan hai?) |
| आरती (aaraTii): क्या!! (kyaa!!) |
| Maya: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| केट (ket): वाह! ताज महल कितना सुन्दर है! (vaah! Taaj mahaL kiTaNaa SuNDar hai!) |
| Kate: Wow! Taj Mahal is so beautiful! |
| आरती (aaraTii): हाँ, बहुत सुन्दर है! (haan, bahuT SuNDar hai!) |
| Arti: Yes, very beautiful. |
| केट (ket): हाय! मेरा कैमरा कहाँ है? (haay! meraa kaimaraa kahaan hai?) |
| Kate: Hey, where’s my camera? |
| आरती (aaraTii): क्या!! (kyaa!!) |
| Arti: What!! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Maya: Okay Udita, let’s talk about the monuments you’ll find in India. |
| Udita: India has some of the most beautiful monuments in the world! |
| Maya: These monuments have unique architecture, and tell us a tale of ancient India. |
| Udita: Yes, they’re usually very elaborate. |
| Maya: From the mesmerizing Taj Mahal to the timeless temples of Khajuraho. |
| Udita: Yes, from the illustrious and magnificent temples of South India to the remarkable Ajanta Ellora caves. |
| Maya: And not to forget the red stone splendor, The Red Fort and the heavenly monuments of Ladakh. |
| Udita: These sights have brought tourists from all over the world to India, to get a glimpse of them. |
| Maya: Because these places have attracted so many tourists, they have become international hubs with all types of facilities available, from budget lodges to big five-star hotels. |
| Udita: Some monuments are famous for their magnificence, some for their beautiful paintings and sculptures, and some because of their historical background. |
| Maya: If you get a chance to visit India, be sure to check out some of these monuments! |
| Udita: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Maya: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is... |
| Udita: वाह! (vaah!). |
| Maya: "Wow!" |
| Udita: वाह! (vaah!), वाह! (vaah!). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: ताज महल (Taaj mahaL). |
| Maya: "Taj Mahal." |
| Udita: ताज महल (Taaj mahaL), ताज महल (Taaj mahaL). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: कितना (kiTaNaa). |
| Maya: "how." |
| Udita: कितना (kiTaNaa), कितना (kiTaNaa). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: सुन्दर (SuNDar). |
| Maya: "beautiful." |
| Udita: सुन्दर (SuNDar), सुन्दर (SuNDar). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: बहुत (bahuT). |
| Maya: "very." |
| Udita: बहुत (bahuT), बहुत (bahuT). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: हाय! (haay!). |
| Maya: "oh no!" |
| Udita: हाय! (haay!), हाय! (haay!). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: कैमरा (kaimaraa). |
| Maya: "camera." |
| Udita: कैमरा (kaimaraa), कैमरा (kaimaraa). |
| Maya: Next... |
| Udita: कहाँ (kahaan). |
| Maya: "where." |
| Udita: कहाँ (kahaan), कहाँ (kahaan). |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Maya: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. First, we have the word कितना (kiTaNaa). If you are thinking that in our previous lessons we learned its meaning as “how much?” or “how many?,” you are absolutely right! |
| Udita: But कितना (kiTaNaa) can also be used as an adverb preceding an adjective to again express our wonder or pleasure. Like we can say- कितना गन्दा है! (kiTaNaa gaNDaa hai!), which means “How dirty!”. |
| Maya: What would you say for “how difficult!”? |
| Udita: कितना मुश्किल है! (kiTaNaa muskiL hai!) |
| Maya: Let’s try one more. “How expensive!” would be? |
| Udita: कितना महंगा है! (kiTaNaa mahangaa hai!) |
| Maya: Perfect! But remember the adverb कितना (kiTaNii) must agree with the number and gender of the noun. |
| Udita: कितना (kiTaNaa) would become कितनी (kiTaNii) when used to refer to a feminine noun. |
| Maya: So it will be – कितनी सुन्दर! (kiTaNii SuNDar!) which means “how beautiful!” |
| Udita: Moving on, we have the adjective सुन्दर (SuNDar). सुन्दर (SuNDar) is a non-inflecting adjective. |
| Maya: Which means we can use it with any noun without changing it. |
| Udita: Right! For example, सुन्दर घर (SuNDar ghar) which means “beautiful house,” सुन्दर घड़ी (SuNDar ghadii) which means “beautiful watch,” and सुन्दर बाल (SuNDar baaL) which means “beautiful hair.” |
| Maya: And lastly, a word we have used very often, which is क्या (kyaa). |
| Udita: क्या (kyaa) is a question marker meaning “what is?” in English. But sometimes it can also be used to express surprise, just like we use “what” in English. |
| Maya: Simply changing the tone makes a lot of difference. So, if I were to show how surprised I am to hear this or see this I would simply say, “What??” |
| Udita: And the same when translated in Hindi, in the same tone would be, क्या?? (kyaa??) |
| Maya: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Maya: In this lesson, you’re going to learn common words and phrases that help to express an emotion or a sentiment. |
| Udita: There are many useful words that help to express pain, pleasure, anger, surprise, and disgust. |
| Maya: These words are typically placed at the beginning of a sentence. |
| Udita: It is sometimes expressed as a single word or a non-sentence phrase, followed by a punctuation mark. |
| Maya: They are fun and simple to use, as there is no grammatical relation with any other word in the sentence. In Hindi, they are used as independent words, or they can be prefixed to nouns. |
| Udita: Let’s look at these words in detail. |
| Maya: Applause, appreciation or praise is expressed by... |
| Udita: वाह! (vaah!), ख़ूब! (khuub!), शाबाश! (saabaas!). |
| Maya: Sorrow or grief is expressed by... |
| Udita: हाय! (haay!), अफ़सोस! (afaSoS!), उफ़! (uf!), ओह! (oh!). |
| Maya: Happiness or joy is expressed by... |
| Udita: आहा! (aahaa!), वाह वाह! (vaah vaah!). |
| Maya: Disgust or disapproval is expressed by... |
| Udita: छी छी! (chii chii!), थू थू! (THuu Thuu!). |
| Maya: Distress is expressed by... |
| Udita: हाय रे! (haay re!). |
| Maya: There are few nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs that are sometimes used to express a certain emotion. |
| Udita: Let’s look at an example. |
| Maya: Okay. Let’s assume my friend tells me she saw the famous Bollywood actor, Shahrukh Khan, my instant reaction would be अच्छा! (acchaa!). |
| Udita: Yes, अच्छा! (acchaa!) is generally used to express surprise. People also use क्या! (kyaa!) to express surprise. |
| Maya: How can we express surprise or distress? |
| Udita: बाप रे बाप! (baap re baap!) |
| Maya: And to expresses sympathy or disapproval? |
| Udita: राम राम! (raam raam!) |
| Maya: How about expressing rebuke? |
| Udita: आय हाय! (aaye haay!) |
| Maya: Let’s practice some of these words. Can you guess which expression suits the situation the best? |
| Udita: Okay, what are the situations? |
| Maya: कितना गन्दा है! (kiTaNaa gaNDaa hai!) which means “It’s so dirty!" |
| Udita: So, we can add छी छी! (chii chii!) and say, छी छी! कितना गन्दा है! (chii chii! kiTaNaa gaNDaa hai!). |
| Maya: “Eww, it’s so dirty!” |
| Maya: Next, तुम रेस में अव्वल आये! (Tum reS men avvaL aaye!) which means “You came first in the race.” |
| Udita: So, we can add शाबाश! (saabaas!) and say, शाबाश! तुम रेस में अव्वल आये! (saabaaS! Tum reS men avvaL aaye!). |
| Maya: “Wonderful! You came first in the race.” |
| Udita: The words we learned can also be a reply to a question or statement. |
| Maya: What will be the reply to the statement, मेरा कुत्ता भाग गया! (meraa kuTTaa bhaag gayaa!), meaning “My dog ran away!” |
| Udita: ओह! (oh!) |
| Maya: Which means “Aww!” |
| Maya: Next, मैं शादी कर रही हूँ! (main saaDii kar rahii huun!), “I am getting married!” |
| Udita: The reply could be, अच्छा! (acchaa!) or “really?!” |
| Maya: Let's see how this grammar point was used in the dialogue. |
| Udita: Kate says, वाह! ताज महल कितना सुन्दर है! (vaah! Taaj mahaL kiTaNaa SuNDar hai!) which means “Wow! Taj Mahal is so beautiful!" |
| Maya: And to this, Arti replies politely, हाँ, बहुत सुन्दर है! (haan, bahuT SuNDar hai!) which means “Yes, very beautiful!” |
Outro |
|---|
| Maya: Well, that’s all we have for this lesson. Thank you for listening. Until next time! |
| Udita: शुक्रिया और फिर मिलेंगे! (sukriyaa aur phir miLenge!) |
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