Learn how to describe the plot of a movie or book
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 4 - Can You Talk About Your Favorite Book in Hindi? Eric here. |
| Udita: नमस्ते I'm Udita. |
| Eric: In this lesson you’ll learn how to make adjectives into conceptual nouns. The conversation takes place at a restaurant. |
| Udita: It's between Pranav and Disha. |
| Eric: The speakers are colleagues, so they’ll be using polite Hindi. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Pranav: तुम ने लॉर्ड ऑफ़ डा रिंग्स पढ़ी है क्या? |
| Disha: हाँ, सारे पढ़ी हैं, और दा हॉबिट भी । |
| Pranav: अच्छा उस में क्या होता है? |
| Disha: तुम्हे लॉर्ड ऑफ़ डा रिंग्स की कहानी पता है न? |
| Pranav: हाँ लेकिन किताब से नहीं, फिल्म से। |
| Disha: अच्छा तो उस में फ्रोडो का जो अंकल है - बिल्बो, यह किताब उस की कहानी है कि उसके पास वह अंगूठी कैसे आती है। |
| Pranav: ओह, तो उसकी जवानी की कहानी है? |
| Disha: हाँ जब वह जवान होता है, वह गैंडोल्फ़, और बौनों के दल के साथ एक यात्रा पर निकलता है। फिर किस तरह वे सब खतरों से बचकर, और नए अनुभवों से गुज़रकर, अंगूठी के संग लौटते है, इस की कहानी है। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Pranav: तुम ने लॉर्ड ऑफ़ डा रिंग्स पढ़ी है क्या? |
| Disha: हाँ, सारे पढ़ी हैं, और दा हॉबिट भी । |
| Pranav: अच्छा उस में क्या होता है? |
| Disha: तुम्हे लॉर्ड ऑफ़ डा रिंग्स की कहानी पता है न? |
| Pranav: हाँ लेकिन किताब से नहीं, फिल्म से। |
| Disha: अच्छा तो उस में फ्रोडो का जो अंकल है - बिल्बो, यह किताब उस की कहानी है कि उसके पास वह अंगूठी कैसे आती है। |
| Pranav: ओह, तो उसकी जवानी की कहानी है? |
| Disha: हाँ जब वह जवान होता है, वह गैंडोल्फ़, और बौनों के दल के साथ एक यात्रा पर निकलता है। फिर किस तरह वे सब खतरों से बचकर, और नए अनुभवों से गुज़रकर, अंगूठी के संग लौटते है, इस की कहानी है। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Pranav: Have you read the Lord of the Rings trilogy? |
| Disha: Yes, I’ve read them all and The Hobbit too. |
| Pranav: Oh really, what happens in that? |
| Disha: You know the story of the Lord of the Rings right? |
| Pranav: Yes but not from the books, just from the movies. |
| Disha: Okay, the story of this book is about how Frodo's uncle Bilbo comes across the ring. |
| Pranav: Oh, so it's a story of his youth? |
| Disha: Yes, when he’s young he goes on a journey with Gandalf and a band of dwarves. The story is about how they encounter dangers and new adventures, and return safely with the ring. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Udita, who is the most well known and read novelist in India? |
| Udita: I guess it’s Prem Chand, an Indian author who wrote in both Hindi and Urdu. If we’re talking about books in English, then the most-read would be classic English novelists like Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, and Agatha Christie as well as the works of J.R.R. Tolkien, and more recently J.K. Rowling. Children in India learning English grow up on the works of British writers like Enid Blyton and C.S. Lewis instead of the newer American authors. |
| Eric: I’ve heard that there are hundreds of languages in India, and each language has its own literary history and beloved books. |
| Udita: That’s right. Hindi is the most-spoken indigenous language, but the Hindi language wasn't in print under colonial rule. Instead Urdu was given the status of primary indigenous language in print until the 19th century. There’s been a lot of mingling of Hindi and Urdu in India, both in common speech and in literature. |
| Eric: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Udita: पढ़ना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to read, to study |
| Udita: पढ़ना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: पढ़ना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: अंगूठी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: ring |
| Udita: अंगूठी[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: अंगूठी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: जवानी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: youth |
| Udita: जवानी [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: जवानी [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: बौना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: dwarf |
| Udita: बौना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बौना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: दल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: group |
| Udita: दल[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: दल [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: ख़तरा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: danger |
| Udita: ख़तरा [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: ख़तरा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: बचना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to escape, to be safe |
| Udita: बचना[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: बचना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: अनुभव [natural native speed] |
| Eric: experience |
| Udita: अनुभव [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: अनुभव [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: गुज़रना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to go through, to experience |
| Udita: गुज़रना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: गुज़रना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Udita: लौटना [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to return |
| Udita: लौटना [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: लौटना [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Udita: से बचना |
| Eric: meaning “to escape from, to save yourself from.” |
| Udita: bacNaa is a verb that means “to be saved” or “to escape something,” generally something bad, like “to escape punishment.” Se is a particle that means “from.” |
| Eric: You can use this phrase to talk about avoiding bad experiences or situations. It can be obvious things like escaping danger or bad luck, and also things like diseases, traffic, bad weather - anything that you would want to avoid. Udita, how would you say “avoid illness” in Hindi? |
| Udita: “illness” is bimaarii. So altogether, it will be bimaarii Se bacNaa. |
| Eric: Listeners, please pay attention, because the particle... |
| Udita: Se |
| Eric: ...must come after the subject to show that this is what we want to be safe from. Udita, can you give us another example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. गर्मी से बचने के लिए हम पहाड़ों में जा रहे हैं। |
| Eric: ..which means “We are going to the mountains to escape this heat.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Udita: से गुज़रना |
| Eric: meaning “to go through, to experience.” |
| Udita: guzarNaa means “to go through.” Se is the particle that indicates the object - which is what it is you are experiencing or going through. |
| Eric: You can use this word in two situations. First,when you want to talk about going through a place, such as “to walk through” or “to pass through.” Second, you can use it to talk about experiencing something, such as “to go through an experience.” Just remember that you can only use this word in that sense when you’re talking about a negative experience. |
| Udita: Right. We don't use से गुज़रना to talk about “going through” a positive experience. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. मेरा दोस्त बहुत ही बुरे दौर से गुज़रा है। |
| Eric: .. which means “My friend has gone through a really bad experience.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson you’ll learn how to make adjectives into conceptual nouns. We will cover some of the common patterns for making nouns, specifically abstract nouns, called... |
| Udita: भाववाचक संज्ञा |
| Eric: To make a noun from an adjective, you can use certain suffixes. There are a few rules, but of course, please remember that there are also a lot of exceptions. The most common pattern for turning adjectives into nouns is by adding... |
| Udita: -Taa |
| Eric: ...to the end of an adjective. Listeners, please note that you can use this rule only with adjectives that do not end in vowel sounds. |
| Udita: Right. You can apply this rule to many adjectives that end in the consonants र ra or ल La. For example, let’s take the word SuNDar, meaning “beautiful.” Then add the suffix -Taa |
| Eric: So, altogether we’ll have… |
| Udita: SuNDarTaa, meaning “beauty.” Here’s another example. Let’s take the word maDHur |
| Eric: meaning “sweet”, “melodic”, “pleasing” |
| Udita: maDHur plus Taa will be maDHurTaa, |
| Eric: “sweetness” or “melodic nature”. You can also make a noun by adding... |
| Udita: -ii |
| Eric: to the end of adjectives. |
| Udita: You can use this rule with the adjectives ending in aa. |
| Eric: For example… |
| Udita: acchaa |
| Eric: meaning “good” will become… |
| Udita: acchaaii |
| Eric: meaning “goodness.” |
| Udita: uuncaa |
| Eric: meaning “high” will become… |
| Udita: uuncaaii |
| Eric: meaning “height.” |
| Udita: Niicaa |
| Eric: meaning “low” will become… |
| Udita: Niicaaii |
| Eric: meaning “depth.” To form a noun you can also use the suffix |
| Udita: -paN . For example Tiikhaa |
| Eric: meaning “spicy, hot” will become… |
| Udita: TiikhaapaN |
| Eric: meaning “hotness” in taste. |
| Udita: paagaL |
| Eric: meaning “mad” will become… |
| Udita: paagaLpaN |
| Eric: meaning “madness, lunacy.” As you might be able to tell, there are very few ways of predicting what form the noun will take. |
| Udita: Right. Instead, Hindi learners tend to memorize the vocabulary and develop an instinct for which adjectives will change in what way to become a noun. |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Udita: अलविदा |
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