Learn how to give and ask for others' views on what to do
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 7 - Where Should You Go in India? Eric here. |
| Udita: नमस्ते I'm Udita. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the short “no” or “not” in Hindi. The conversation takes place at a coffee shop. |
| Udita: It's between Julia and Sarika. |
| Eric: The speakers are colleagues, so they’ll be using polite Hindi. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Julia: मैं सोच रही हूँ की अगली छुट्टी के वक्त कहीं जाऊं । यहाँ बहुत से जगह देखने हैं। आपका क्या विचार है? |
| Sarika: हाँ बिलकुल, आपको छुट्टियों का फायदा उठाना चाहिये। बस एक बात का ध्यान रहे - अगर कोई त्यौहार चल रहा है, तो काफी चीज़ें बंद हो सकती हैं। |
| Julia: अच्छा? तो रहने की जगह पहले बुक करना अच्छा होगा? |
| Sarika: हाँ ज़रूर पहले बुक कीजियेगा। |
| Julia: अच्छा। और वाहन कौनसा लेना चाहिए? |
| Sarika: दूरी पे निर्भर करता है। अगर ज़्यादा दूर न हो तो आप ट्रेन से जाइये, और दृष्य का मज़ा उठाइये। बहुत दूर् हो तो प्लेन से जाना अच्छा है। |
| Julia: और आस पास, प्रदेश के अंदर? |
| Sarika: यहां आप गाड़ी बुक कर सकते हैं, लोकल ट्रेन या बस भी ले सकते हैं। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Julia: मैं सोच रही हूँ की अगली छुट्टी के वक्त कहीं जाऊं । यहाँ बहुत से जगह देखने हैं। आपका क्या विचार है? |
| Sarika: हाँ बिलकुल, आपको छुट्टियों का फायदा उठाना चाहिये। बस एक बात का ध्यान रहे - अगर कोई त्यौहार चल रहा है, तो काफी चीज़ें बंद हो सकती हैं। |
| Julia: अच्छा? तो रहने की जगह पहले बुक करना अच्छा होगा? |
| Sarika: हाँ ज़रूर पहले बुक कीजियेगा। |
| Julia: अच्छा। और वाहन कौनसा लेना चाहिए? |
| Sarika: दूरी पे निर्भर करता है। अगर ज़्यादा दूर न हो तो आप ट्रेन से जाइये, और दृष्य का मज़ा उठाइये। बहुत दूर् हो तो प्लेन से जाना अच्छा है। |
| Julia: और आस पास, प्रदेश के अंदर? |
| Sarika: यहां आप गाड़ी बुक कर सकते हैं, लोकल ट्रेन या बस भी ले सकते हैं। |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Julia: I’m thinking of travelling somewhere during the next holiday. What do you think? |
| Sarika: Yes certainly, you should make use of the holidays. But just be careful—if there’s a festival taking place, a lot of services may be closed. |
| Julia: Really? So it would be good to book places to stay before going? |
| Sarika: Yes, definitely book a place to stay before going. |
| Julia: Okay. And what’s the best kind of transport? |
| Sarika: It depends on the distance. If it’s not too far, then you could take the trains, and also enjoy the scenery as you go. If it's quite far then it's best to take a flight. |
| Julia: And if it's nearby within the state? |
| Sarika: In that case you can reserve a car, or take a local train or bus. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Udita, what’s the most common way to travel around India? |
| Udita: I think it’s still by rail. Of course, nowadays people can use planes to get to any part of India quickly, but trains are still a favorite mode of transport for the middle and lower classes, especially when they’re travelling with lots of luggage. |
| Eric: Is there a baggage limit on trains? |
| Udita: No. I guess the only thing that’s important is the size of the carriage seats. |
| Eric: Are there night trains in India? |
| Udita: Yes. Many people love night train travel. You can enjoy enchanting scenery and views. Some train rides can take a couple days, and for overnight rides people use bunks to sleep. The train company provides fresh sheets, blankets, pillows, and covers for those occasions. |
| Eric: Sounds like fun! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Udita: विचार [natural native speed] |
| Eric: opinion, view |
| Udita: विचार [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: विचार [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: फ़ायदा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: benefit, profit |
| Udita: फ़ायदा [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: फ़ायदा [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: त्यौहार [natural native speed] |
| Eric: festival |
| Udita: त्यौहार [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: त्यौहार [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: सला [natural native speed] |
| Eric: advice, suggestion, recommendation |
| Udita: सला [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: सला [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: वाहन [natural native speed] |
| Eric: vehicle |
| Udita: वाहन[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: वाहन [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: निर्भर [natural native speed] |
| Eric: dependent |
| Udita: निर्भर [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: निर्भर [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: दृश्य [natural native speed] |
| Eric: view, scenery |
| Udita: दृश्य [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: दृश्य [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Udita: प्रदेश [natural native speed] |
| Eric: state or province, territory, country |
| Udita: प्रदेश [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: प्रदेश [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And lastly.. |
| Udita: आसपास [natural native speed] |
| Eric: nearby |
| Udita: आसपास [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Udita: आसपास [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Udita: फायदा उठाना |
| Eric: meaning “to take advantage.” |
| Udita: faayDaa is a noun that means “advantage” or “benefit.” The verb uthaaNaa basically means “to raise,” but in this phrase its meaning changes. So, faayDaa uthaaNaa means “to take advantage.” |
| Eric: You can use this phrase to talk about taking the benefit of what is available to you. This can have either positive or negative connotations. For example, you can use ... |
| Udita: फायदा उठाना |
| Eric: ...to talk about taking advantage of something unfairly, such as exploiting someone or something, as well as use it in a positive sense to talk about making the most of your resources and taking advantage of what is already available. |
| Udita: फायदा उठाना is used with a noun or with a verb. The structure is [noun plus kaa faayDaa uthaaNaa] or [Verb-root plus Ne plus kaa faayDaa uthaaNaa] |
| Eric: meaning “to take advantage of NOUN” or “to take advantage of doing something”. Here... |
| Udita: kaa |
| Eric: means “of.” Udita, can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. हमने बचपन में घर में लाइब्रेरी होने का बहुत फायदा उठाया। |
| Eric: ..which means “We took full advantage of having a library in our home in our childhood.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Udita: आसपास |
| Eric: meaning “nearby, around.” You can use this preposition to describe something that you think is nearby somewhere but you're not quite sure exactly where, or don't specify. |
| Udita: आसपास also has a connotation of “the surrounding areas nearby.” |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Udita: Sure. For example, you can say.. क्या आसपास कोई दवाई की दुकान है? |
| Eric: .. which means “Is there a drugstore nearby?” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the short “no” or “not,” which in Hindi is... |
| Udita: Na. In Hindi, we use the word Nahiin meaning “No,” but sometimes we just use a short Na. |
| Eric: Udita, can you tell us when we should use it? |
| Udita: Sure. You’d use Na instead of Nahiin before a verb to negate the verb. |
| Eric: For example… |
| Udita: agar abhii khaTam Na ho To baaD mein kar LeNaa |
| Eric: meaning “If it doesn’t get done now, then finish it later.” |
| Udita: You can use Na in the sense of “no” with verbs that are intransitive, and in the third person conditional present tense. |
| Eric: Udita, let’s remind our listeners what the intransitive verbs are. |
| Udita: Sure. Intransitive verbs are the verbs that have no subject but only objects. Intransitive verbs have to be used with oblique pronouns. For example, the sentence baalTii Se paaNii gir gayaa, |
| Eric: meaning “Water fell out of the bucket,” |
| Udita: ...has two intransitive verbs, girNaa meaning “to fall” and jaaNaa meaning “to go.” |
| Eric: Verbs in the third person conditional present tense form sentences to express what would happen “if” X happens. |
| Udita: Right. You can also use Na in sentences that incorporate some kind of direction for someone else, either as an order or a milder suggestion. |
| Eric: For example, you can say… |
| Udita: इस हार्ड ड्राइव में काफी जगह न हो तो शेल्फ से दूसरा ले लेना। |
| Eric: meaning “If there isn’t enough space on this hard drive, take the other one from the shelf.” |
| Udita: You can also place Na after statements to make them into a question that needs confirmation. |
| Eric: This is like the English “isn't it,” right? |
| Udita: Yes. Please compare...aaj chuttii hai |
| Eric: “It’s a holiday today.” |
| Udita: Now I’ll add Na - aaj chuttii hai, Na? |
| Eric: So the meaning will change. It will become “It’s a holiday today, isn’t it?” |
| Udita: You can also use Na with statements that use transitive verbs. In this case, Na serves as confirmation of the verb in the statement. |
| Eric: For example… |
| Udita: Tum khaaoge, Na? |
| Eric: “You will eat, won’t you?” |
| Udita: ham vahaan gae THe Na? |
| Eric: “We went there, didn’t we?” |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Udita: अलविदा |
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